Leishmaniasis presenting as a psoriasiform eruption in AIDS

Presence of Leishmania organisms in specific and non‐specific skin lesions in HIV‐infected individuals with visceral leishmaniasis

“…Manifestations reported comprise a wide range of changes, such as hyperpigmented lesions, which gave rise to the term “kala‐azar” (black fever) in one of the languages of India, and diverse papular and nodular eruptions, more or less extensive and florid, which indicate the involvement or persistence of cutaneous leishmanias 38–42 . Other manifestations with varying clinical aspects have also been reported, including erythroderma, dermatomyositis and psoriasis 43–45 . Our experience confirms this great clinical and pathological variability.…”

Clinical manifestations and classification of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis

“…A parallel with the observed atypical lesion morphology during CL can be drawn. The spread of infectious agents in the superficial layer of the papillary dermis, as observed in the eczematoid, erysipeloid, 9,20–22 and psoriasiform 23 forms, or in the reticular dermis during sporotrichoid CL, 24–26 can result from immune system failure to control parasite replication and local granuloma formation.…”

Atypical Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania braziliensis in an Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patient: T-cell Responses and Remission of Lesions Associated with Antigen Immunotherapy

“…. The majority of patients suffering from Leishmania-human immunodefiency virus (HIV) co-infection have shown atypical clinical pictures such as disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (Coura et al 1987, visceral involvement due to dermotropic parasites (Hernandez et al 1993), cutaneous involvement due to viscerotropic parasites (Rubio et al 1997), unusual clinical presentation of cutaneous lesions (Daudén et al 1996, Rubio et al 1997) and mucosal lesions with abundant amastigote forms (Cimmerman & Gomes 1993, Echevarría et al 1993, Sasaki et al 1997. However, those patients may also develop the classical localized cutaneous lesions (Gonzalés-Rupérez et al 1997).…”