Leishmania major infection in mice: a model system for the study of CD4+ T-cell subset differentiation

Coffman, Robert L.; Châtelain, R; Leal, L. M. C.; Varkila, K

doi:10.1016/0923-2494(91)90009-8

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Only minor, nonsignificant T cell proliferative responses were observed with the remaining peptides. The proliferative response of T cells was completely blocked by addition of anti-I-Ek and I-Ab mAb, which cross-react with cells of the H-2 d haplotype, There is considerable mouse strain-dependent variability in allergen-induced Ig responses-particularly with respect to IgE and IgG1 (20). Notably, and in contrast to our findings, H-2 d mice reportedly respond poorly to Der p 2 immunization (13,21).…”

Section: P21-35 Is Recognized In the Context Of Different Mhc Class Icontrasting

confidence: 56%

TheDermatophagoides pteronyssinusGroup 2 Allergen Contains a Universally Immunogenic T Cell Epitope

Elst

Carlier

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

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The use of T cell epitope-containing peptides for the induction of anergy in allergen sensitization is limited by genetic restriction that could be circumvented by using universally immunogenic epitopes. We attempted to identify such epitopes on Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus group 2 allergen (Der p 2), a major allergen of D. pteronyssinus T cells from BALB/c (H-2d), C57BL/6 (H-2b), C3H (H-2k), and SJL (H-2s) mice that were immunized with rDer p 2, recognized an immunodominant region encompassing residues 21–35. A synthetic 21–35 peptide (p21–35) induced strong dose-dependent in vitro T cell proliferation with cells of the four mouse strains and required processing for MHC class II presentation. Substitution of Ile28 with Ala resulted in reduction of T cell proliferation in each strain. Ile28 could represent an important MHC class II anchoring residue for T cell response to p21–35. An immunodominant T cell epitope of Der p 2 therefore behaves as a universal epitope and could be a suitable candidate for T cell anergy induction.

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Section: P21-35 Is Recognized In the Context Of Different Mhc Class Icontrasting

confidence: 56%

TheDermatophagoides pteronyssinusGroup 2 Allergen Contains a Universally Immunogenic T Cell Epitope

Elst

Carlier

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

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“…The most cotivincing examples of such factors are IFN-y and IL-4. IFN-y promotes the differentiation of precursors into Thl cells, both in vitro (15) and in vivo (6,20,36), whereas IL-4 has the reciprocal activity of inducing differentiation into Th2 both in vitro (40) and in vivo (6,20). There are a number of other possible factors that may influence Th subset differentiation.…”

Section: Role Of Thl and Th2 Cells In Atopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes: their role in the pathophysiology of atopy

Prete

1992

Allergy

240

132

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In human beings, as in mice, two distinct patterns of cytokine secretion have been defined among CD4 + helper T‐cell clones. Human type 1 helper (Th1), but not type 2 helper (Th2), cells produce interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), gamma‐interferon (IFN‐γ), and tumor necrosis factor‐β, whereas Th2, but not Th1, cells secrete IL‐4 and IL‐5, but not IL‐2 or IFN‐γ. Other cytokines, such as IL‐3, IL‐6, GM‐CSF, or TNF‐α, are produced by both Th1 and Th2 cells. The cells, a third Th subset, show combined production of Th1‐and Th2‐type cytokines. The different cytokine patterns are associated with different functions. In general, Th2 cells provide an excellent helper function for B‐cell antibody production, particularly of the IgE class. On the other hand, Th1 cells are responsible for delayed type hypersensitivity reactions and are cytolytic for autologous antigen‐presenting cells, including B cells. Most allergen‐ or helminth‐antigen‐specific human CD4 + T‐cell clones exhibit a Th2 phenotype, whereas most clones specific for bacterial antigens show a Th1 profile. Allergen‐specific Th2 cells seem to play a crucial role in atopy. These cells induce IgE production via IL‐4 and favor the proliferation, differentiation, and activation of eosinophils via IL‐5. In addition, Th2‐derived IL‐3 and IL‐4 are mast‐cell growth factors that act in synergy, at least in vitro. Recent evidence indicates that allergen‐specific Th2 cells are selectively enriched in tissues affected by allergic inflammation, such as the bronchial mucosa of subjects with allergic asthma. However, the reason why allergens preferentially expand Th2 cells in atopics is unknown. A number of factors may influence Th subset differentiation into Th1 or Th2 cells. At present, the IL‐4 produced in the microenvironment in which antigen is presented to Th cells seems to be the major factor favoring Th2 development. In this connection, the aberrant production of IL‐4 (and IL‐5) exhibited by T cells from atopics, even in response to bacterial antigens, may be of great importance.

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“…L. major infection was used as a classic model in which Th1 responses are necessary for clearance of the intracellular pathogen (37). The two phenotypes most fully characterized with respect to this pathogen are BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice because they represent the two extremes of the response (37). Footpad swelling, parasite burden, and cytokine responses were assessed to determine whether a change occurred in the Tg animals.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of IgE Responses in CD23-Transgenic Animals Is Due to Expression of CD23 on Nonlymphoid Cells

Payet-Jamroz

Helm

et al. 2001

The Journal of Immunology

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Serum IgE is suppressed in CD23-transgenic (Tg) mice where B cells and some T cells express high levels of CD23, suggesting that CD23 on B and T cells may cause this suppression. However, when Tg B lymphocytes were compared with controls in B cell proliferation and IgE synthesis assays, the two were indistinguishable. Similarly, studies of lymphokine production suggested that T cell function in the Tg animals was normal. However, adoptive transfer studies indicated that suppression was seen when normal lymphocytes were used to reconstitute Tg mice, whereas reconstitution of controls with Tg lymphocytes resulted in normal IgE responses, suggesting that critical CD23-bearing cells are irradiation-resistant, nonlymphoid cells. Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) are irradiation resistant, express surface CD23, and deliver iccosomal Ag to B cells, prompting us to reason that Tg FDC may be a critical cell. High levels of transgene expression were observed in germinal centers rich in FDC and B cells, and IgE production was inhibited when Tg FDCs were cultured with normal B cells. In short, suppressed IgE production in CD23-Tg mice appears to be associated with a population of radioresistant nonlymphoid cells. FDCs that interface with B cells in the germinal center are a candidate for explaining this CD23-mediated IgE suppression.

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Leishmania major infection in mice: a model system for the study of CD4+ T-cell subset differentiation

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

TheDermatophagoides pteronyssinusGroup 2 Allergen Contains a Universally Immunogenic T Cell Epitope

TheDermatophagoides pteronyssinusGroup 2 Allergen Contains a Universally Immunogenic T Cell Epitope

Human Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes: their role in the pathophysiology of atopy

Suppression of IgE Responses in CD23-Transgenic Animals Is Due to Expression of CD23 on Nonlymphoid Cells

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