“…The vagina is rarely involved, accounting for only 1-2% of cancers of the entire female genital tract [1], and sarcomas are equally rare, constituting only 2% of malignant tumors of the vagina although the dominant type is leiomyosarcoma [2]. Although cases of primary leiomyosarcoma of the vagina are rare, they have been reported in the world literature [3,4] and even in Africa [5,6]. In the Congo, no case has been documented, and we report two cases of primary leiomyosarcoma of the vagina, one of which is recurrent and metastatic, and the other of incidental discovery on histopathological study, and review the literature.…”