Leiomyosarcoma Complicating Chronic Inflammation of the Testis

Abstract

Objective: To report on a case of leiomyosarcoma of the testis that appeared to have arisen from a background of chronic testicular inflammation. Clinical Presentation: A 65-year-old man with a 15-year history of diabetes mellitus and low-grade discomfort and swelling in the right testis presented as an emergency with exacerbation of the pain and swelling of the testis. Repeated ultrasound examination of the testis in the past 5 years had suggested a chronic testicular inflammatory disorder. Ultrasound during the current emergency case admission revealed a normal left testis, but a large heterogeneous solid mass with a moderate intratesticular calcification in the right testis and the presence of a moderate hydrocele. Serum α-fetoprotein and β-human chorionic gonadotropin were normal. A right radical orchidectomy was performed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed primary leiomyosarcoma of the right testis. There was no spermatic cord or venous involvement. One year after orchidectomy there was no sign of metastasis. Conclusion: Radical orchidectomy followed by surveillance appears to be the treatment of choice for this testicular leiomyosarcoma, which seemed to have run an indolent course compared to other testicular tumours.

Primary high grade testicular leiomyosarcoma: A rare malignancy in a young male

“…Our patient was a young male aged 27 years which is very unusual for this tumor. In young patients, they are usu- ally associated with testicular germ cell tumors (GCT), chronic inflammation [6,7] or testicular radiotherapy received for leukemia. [3] Without these predisposing factors its occurrence is rare as in our case where no such history was elicited.…”

Primary Testicular Leiomyosracoma with Local Recurrence: a Case Report

“…Radiation exposure [3], high-dose anabolic steroid [4] use and chronic inflammation [5] are some of the predicted risk factors [2,6,7]. None of which were associated in our case.…”

Primary intratesticular leiomyosarcoma

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Only one case was reported in an infant. 9 The age of the patients ranged between 30 and 76, with a mean age of 50.2.…”

“…The true etiology of testicular leiomyosarcoma is unknown; however, risk factors have been reported in 3 patients: the use of high-dose anabolic steroids (Case 5), 4 chronic inflammation of the testis (Case 7) 5 and testicular field radiation for the treatment of leukemia (Case 9). 7 The present case was the first case assessed as clinical stage-III.…”