Leiomyoma: A rare tumor in the head and neck and oral cavity: Report of 3 cases with review

Abstract

Leiomyomas are benign tumors arising from smooth muscle, most commonly seen in uterine myometrium, gastrointestinal tract, skin and lower extremities of middle-aged women. Leiomyomas are uncommon in the oral cavity with reported incidence of 0.065%, which accounts for 0.42% of all soft-tissue neoplasms in the oral cavity. Leiomyomas of head and neck region account for less than 1% of all leiomyomas. The most common site of leiomyoma in the head and neck region is the lips (27.46%) followed by tongue (18.30%), cheeks and palate (15.49%), gingiva (8.45%) and mandible (5.63%). The purpose of this article is to present three cases of leiomyoma comprising of an intraoral vascular leiomyoma and two solid leiomyomas in the head and neck region. The clinical features, etiology, differential diagnosis and treatment of leiomyoma are discussed with review of the literature.

Multiple laryngeal leiomyoma as a cause of acute upper airway obstruction

“…Adults are more affected than children whereby the male to female ratio is 2:1. 3 Leiomyoma is a tumour originated from smooth muscle cells. Smooth muscle cells are widely distributed throughout the human body, including the wall of the respiratory tract.…”

Leiomyoma of hard palate: A rare case report

“…Although these are rare tumors of the head and neck region, when they occur, they are commonly seen in the oral cavity, nasal cavity and larynx [5]. The hereditary form causing multiple leiomyoomas was noted by Kloepfer et al [6] in 1958. Smooth muscle tumors are relatively rare in the oral cavity, accounting for only 0.42% of soft tissue tumors because of the paucity of smooth muscle in this region [7].…”

Large primary leiomyoma causing progressive cervical deformity

“…Leiomyomas are benign nonepithelial tumors most commonly encountered in the uterus, gastrointestinal tract and skin [1, 2]. They are defined as circumscribed smooth muscle cell tumors according to the World Health Organization [2].…”

“…They are defined as circumscribed smooth muscle cell tumors according to the World Health Organization [2]. There are three main types of leiomyoma: solid, vascular (angioleiomyoma) and epithelioid (leiomyoblastoma) [1, 2].…”

“…They are defined as circumscribed smooth muscle cell tumors according to the World Health Organization [2]. There are three main types of leiomyoma: solid, vascular (angioleiomyoma) and epithelioid (leiomyoblastoma) [1, 2]. All are well capsulated and show little cellular pleomorphism or mitotic activity, with the solid variant being the most common [2, 3].…”