Legumes for mitigation of climate change and the provision of feedstock for biofuels and biorefineries. A review

Jensen, Erik Steen; Peoples, Mark B.; Boddey, Robert M.; Gresshoff, Peter M.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Alves, Bruno José Rodrigues; Morrison, Malcolm J.

doi:10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7

Cited by 584 publications

(437 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…In addition, a new biological method has recently been developed to mitigate soil N 2 O emissions by the inoculation of N-fixing bacteria (Itakura et al 2013). Studies on decomposition of legume crops and consequent N 2 O emissions were briefly reviewed by Jensen et al (2012), but only a part of the review focused on the use of legumes for mitigation of climate change. A more precise review of studies on postharvest N 2 O emissions from soybean ecosystems is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from soybean ecosystems: a review

Uchida

Akiyama

2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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In this review, the current knowledge of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) ecosystems, particularly on postharvest N 2 O emissions, is summarized and controlling factors of postharvest N 2 O emissions from soybean ecosystems are discussed. A new biological method to mitigate N 2 O emission is also presented. The latest (2006) guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that N 2 O emissions derived directly from biological nitrogen (N) fixation were not significant in legume crop ecosystems. The default N 2 O emission factor from biological N fixation was revised to zero, whereas the default N 2 O emission factor for the decomposition of legume crop residues (postharvest N 2 O emissions) was the same as that for nonlegume crop residues (1%). From previously measured field data, the percentage of N in soybean residue emitted as N 2 O after harvest was calculated to determine emission factors. Values ranged from 0.0-10.0% (average 1.3% ± 2.7%, median: 0.2%), indicating relatively low emission factors. The average emission factor calculated for N 2 O emissions from N in soybean residues was slightly higher than the default emission factor for N in crop residue specified in the guidelines. However, the volume of field-measured postharvest N 2 O emissions in soybean ecosystems is low compared with data for N 2 O emissions during the crop growing season. Previous field-measured data demonstrated that N 2 O emissions often peaked sharply immediately after the harvest. However, values for N 2 O fluxes in the currently available field data were determined on a weekly or monthly basis. This large time gap between samplings may have resulted in underestimation of postharvest N 2 O emissions in soybean ecosystems. More detailed field studies on postharvest N 2 O emissions from soybean ecosystems are needed. Nodule decomposition is the major source of postharvest N 2 O emissions in soybean ecosystems. A new microbiological method was recently developed to mitigate postharvest N 2 O emissions from soybean ecosystems utilizing N-fixing bacteria with increased N 2 O-reducing activity (increased expression of nosZ). This approach may potentially be applied to other leguminous crops and non-legume ecosystems. Ongoing research on the relationships between soil N 2 O emissions and nosZ may reveal a new method for N 2 O mitigation in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from soybean ecosystems: a review

Uchida

Akiyama

2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…The N 2 -fixing nodules induced by rhizobia provide considerable N to legumes and enable them to grow in N-poor environments. As a result of this symbiosis, legumes provide protein-rich food, oil, fiber, and feed to agro-ecosystems, and they contribute to sustainable agriculture (Herridge et al, 2008;Jensen et al, 2012). Similarly, the improvement of LR deployment in crops is of significant interest to breeders to maximize water, nutrient, and fertilizer acquisition and alleviate pollution issues that arise from poor fertilizer uptake (Gamuyao et al, 2012); therefore legumes provide a system to study both nodule and LR organogenesis programs and how they interact.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Pathways Act Downstream of the CEP Peptide Receptor CRA2 to Regulate Lateral Root and Nodule Development

Mohd‐Radzman

Laffont²,

Ivanovici³

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

101

116

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C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDEs (CEPs) control root system architecture in a non-cell-autonomous manner. In Medicago truncatula, MtCEP1 affects root development by increasing nodule formation and inhibiting lateral root emergence by unknown pathways. Here, we show that the MtCEP1 peptide-dependent increase in nodulation requires the symbiotic signaling pathway and ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2)/SICKLE (SKL), but acts independently of SUPER NUMERIC NODULES. MtCEP1-dependent inhibition of lateral root development acts through an EIN2-independent mechanism. MtCEP1 increases nodulation by promoting rhizobial infections, the developmental competency of roots for nodulation, the formation of fused nodules, and an increase in frequency of nodule development that initiates at proto-phloem poles. These phenotypes are similar to those of the ein2/skl mutant and support that MtCEP1 modulates EIN2-dependent symbiotic responses. Accordingly, MtCEP1 counteracts the reduction in nodulation induced by increasing ethylene precursor concentrations, and an ethylene synthesis inhibitor treatment antagonizes MtCEP1 root phenotypes. MtCEP1 also inhibits the development of EIN2-dependent pseudonodule formation. Finally, mutants affecting the COMPACT ROOT ARCHITECTURE2 (CRA2) receptor, which is closely related to the Arabidopsis CEP Receptor1, are unresponsive to MtCEP1 effects on lateral root and nodule formation, suggesting that CRA2 is a CEP peptide receptor mediating both organogenesis programs. In addition, an ethylene inhibitor treatment counteracts the cra2 nodulation phenotype. These results indicate that MtCEP1 and its likely receptor, CRA2, mediate nodulation and lateral root development through different pathways.

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“…Synthetic N fertilizers are common expensive inputs costing agriculture more than $45 billion US each year. Synthesis of those N fertilizers through the Haber-Bosch process represents 1-2% of the world's total energy consumption and directly releases more than 300 Tg of fossil fuel derived CO 2 into the atmosphere annually [21,104,105]. Furthermore, the mobility of the applied inorganic N fertilizers results in less than 50% fertilizer N-recovery efficiency by the first crop with substantial amounts of the remaining N leaving the cropping system as N 2 O and NO 3 which have environmental impacts elsewhere [105,106].…”

Section: Resource Acquisition and Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, N acquisition through the plant-rhizobia symbiosis results in N that is directly incorporated into the growing plant, overcoming problems of low fertilizer N-recovery efficiency in other annual grain cropping systems. Furthermore, while N 2 fixation in legumes is considered to have higher energy and carbon (C) requirements than N assimilation by plants using reduction of NO 3 for growth, the energy is supplied via solar radiation rather than through fossil fuels; thus the resulting CO 2 respired by the nodules originates though photosynthesis and is not a net contributor to atmospheric CO 2 concentrations [104,106]. Once acquired, fixed N is likely to be better retained in a perennial grain legume cropping system for two reasons.…”

Section: Resource Acquisition and Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, N deposited into the soil via plant residues occurs in immobile, organic forms with longer mean residence times than synthetic N additions [106,107]. Secondly, perennial grain legumes have an additional retention strategy in that, as the organic N is mineralized by microbes, the N can be reassimilated by the plants via their large, perennial root systems that actively take up N during a prolonged growing season [24,104,107]. Finally, perennial legumes are especially useful in acquiring and retaining N for use by later rotational crop species.…”

Section: Resource Acquisition and Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perennial Grain Legume Domestication Phase I: Criteria for Candidate Species Selection

et al. 2018

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Annual cereal and legume grain production is dependent on inorganic nitrogen (N) and other fertilizers inputs to resupply nutrients lost as harvested grain, via soil erosion/runoff, and by other natural or anthropogenic causes. Temperate-adapted perennial grain legumes, though currently non-existent, might be uniquely situated as crop plants able to provide relief from reliance on synthetic nitrogen while supplying stable yields of highly nutritious seeds in low-input agricultural ecosystems. As such, perennial grain legume breeding and domestication programs are being initiated at The Land Institute (Salina, KS, USA) and elsewhere. This review aims to facilitate the development of those programs by providing criteria for evaluating potential species and in choosing candidates most likely to be domesticated and adopted as herbaceous, perennial, temperate-adapted grain legumes. We outline specific morphological and ecophysiological traits that may influence each candidate's agronomic potential, the quality of its seeds and the ecosystem services it can provide. Finally, we suggest that perennial grain legume breeders and domesticators should consider how a candidate's reproductive biology, genome structure and availability of genetic resources will determine its ease of breeding and its domestication timeline.

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Legumes for mitigation of climate change and the provision of feedstock for biofuels and biorefineries. A review

Abstract: International audienc

Cited by 584 publications

References 177 publications

Mitigation of postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from soybean ecosystems: a review

Mitigation of postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from soybean ecosystems: a review

Different Pathways Act Downstream of the CEP Peptide Receptor CRA2 to Regulate Lateral Root and Nodule Development

Perennial Grain Legume Domestication Phase I: Criteria for Candidate Species Selection

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