Legume Genomics: From Genomic Resources to Molecular Breeding

Varshney, Rajeev K.; Roorkiwal, Manish; Nguyen, Henry T.

doi:10.3835/plantgenome2013.12.0002in

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The majority of the legume crops now enjoy the availability of genomic resources and such examples are seen more frequently in grain legumes. The MARS approach was deployed in cowpea successfully for improving grain yield, drought tolerance, Striga resistance and Macrophomina resistance (see Boukar et al, 2016), but this approach did not work in the case of chickpea (see Varshney et al, 2013c).…”

Section: Genomics-assisted Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerating genetic gains in legumes for the development of prosperous smallholder agriculture: integrating genomics, phenotyping, systems modelling and agronomy

Varshney

Thudi

Pandey

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Botany

103

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Grain legumes form an important component of the human diet, provide feed for livestock, and replenish soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation. Globally, the demand for food legumes is increasing as they complement cereals in protein requirements and possess a high percentage of digestible protein. Climate change has enhanced the frequency and intensity of drought stress, posing serious production constraints, especially in rainfed regions where most legumes are produced. Genetic improvement of legumes, like other crops, is mostly based on pedigree and performance-based selection over the past half century. To achieve faster genetic gains in legumes in rainfed conditions, this review proposes the integration of modern genomics approaches, high throughput phenomics, and simulation modelling in support of crop improvement that leads to improved varieties that perform with appropriate agronomy. Selection intensity, generation interval, and improved operational efficiencies in breeding are expected to further enhance the genetic gain in experimental plots. Improved seed access to farmers, combined with appropriate agronomic packages in farmers' fields, will deliver higher genetic gains. Enhanced genetic gains, including not only productivity but also nutritional and market traits, will increase the profitability of farming and the availability of affordable nutritious food especially in developing countries.

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Section: Genomics-assisted Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerating genetic gains in legumes for the development of prosperous smallholder agriculture: integrating genomics, phenotyping, systems modelling and agronomy

Varshney

Thudi

Pandey

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Botany

103

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“…In view of the increasing world population, production of sustainable food supplies will be a critical challenge in the twenty-first century. The world population is projected to cross 9 billion by 2050, indicating that food supplies must be doubled to meet the requirement of the expanding population (Varshney et al, 2013a ; Zhou et al, 2015 ). Apart from the quantity of food, quality is also a critical issue to maintain nutritive values with increased potential for yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding Omics Resources for Improvement of Soybean Seed Composition Traits

et al. 2015

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Food resources of the modern world are strained due to the increasing population. There is an urgent need for innovative methods and approaches to augment food production. Legume seeds are major resources of human food and animal feed with their unique nutrient compositions including oil, protein, carbohydrates, and other beneficial nutrients. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) together with “omics” technologies have considerably strengthened soybean research. The availability of well annotated soybean genome sequence along with hundreds of identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with different seed traits can be used for gene discovery and molecular marker development for breeding applications. Despite the remarkable progress in these technologies, the analysis and mining of existing seed genomics data are still challenging due to the complexity of genetic inheritance, metabolic partitioning, and developmental regulations. Integration of “omics tools” is an effective strategy to discover key regulators of various seed traits. In this review, recent advances in “omics” approaches and their use in soybean seed trait investigations are presented along with the available databases and technological platforms and their applicability in the improvement of soybean. This article also highlights the use of modern breeding approaches, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genomic selection (GS), and marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) for developing superior cultivars. A catalog of available important resources for major seed composition traits, such as seed oil, protein, carbohydrates, and yield traits are provided to improve the knowledge base and future utilization of this information in the soybean crop improvement programs.

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“…Environmental fluctuations in the presence of climate change can expose crops to different stress factors, potentially adversely affecting the growth, development, and yield of some species (Varshney et al, 2013;Atieno and Lesueur, 2018). For example, yields of the globally traded legume soybean have been reported to have decreased as much as 40% due in part to biotic and abiotic stresses, including drought, which could also reduce the seed quality of the crop (Githiri et al, 2006;Thao and Tran, 2011).…”

Section: Genetic Resources For Pulse Crop Improvement: a Synthesis Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse Crop Genetics for a Sustainable Future: Where We Are Now and Where We Should Be Heading

et al. 2020

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The last decade has witnessed dramatic changes in global food consumption patterns mainly because of population growth and economic development. Food substitutions for healthier eating, such as swapping regular servings of meat for protein-rich crops, is an emerging diet trend that may shape the future of food systems and the environment worldwide. To meet the erratic consumer demand in a rapidly changing world where resources become increasingly scarce due largely to anthropogenic activity, the need to develop crops that benefit both human health and the environment has become urgent. Legumes are often considered to be affordable plant-based sources of dietary proteins. Growing legumes provides significant benefits to cropping systems and the environment because of their natural ability to perform symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which enhances both soil fertility and water-use efficiency. In recent years, the focus in legume research has seen a transition from merely improving economically important species such as soybeans to increasingly turning attention to some promising underutilized species whose genetic resources hold the potential to address global challenges such as food security and climate change. Pulse crops have gained in popularity as an affordable source of food or feed; in fact, the United Nations designated 2016 as the International Year of Pulses, proclaiming their critical role in enhancing global food security. Given that many studies have been conducted on numerous underutilized pulse crops across the world, we provide a systematic review of the related literature to identify gaps and opportunities in pulse crop genetics research. We then discuss plausible strategies for developing and using pulse crops to strengthen food and nutrition security in the face of climate and anthropogenic changes.

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Legume Genomics: From Genomic Resources to Molecular Breeding

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

Accelerating genetic gains in legumes for the development of prosperous smallholder agriculture: integrating genomics, phenotyping, systems modelling and agronomy

Accelerating genetic gains in legumes for the development of prosperous smallholder agriculture: integrating genomics, phenotyping, systems modelling and agronomy

Expanding Omics Resources for Improvement of Soybean Seed Composition Traits

Pulse Crop Genetics for a Sustainable Future: Where We Are Now and Where We Should Be Heading

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