Legislation relating to nutraceuticals in the European Union with a particular focus on botanical-sourced products

Gulati, O. P.; Ottaway, P. Berry

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.01.014

Cited by 102 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Currently, the definition of nutraceutical is only regulated through the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA) in United States, which allows substantial flexibility between the definition of foods and medicines (Gulati and Ottaway 2006). The research and development on nutraceutical and bioactive compounds from plant sources often require laborious efforts and must Not specified (variety not specified) Water retainer, reinforcing agent in tablets Elanthikkal et al (2010) undergo several stages before it can be safely marketed (Fig.…”

Section: Source Of Nutraceutical and Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Banana by-products: an under-utilized renewable food biomass with great potential

et al. 2012

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Banana (Musaceae) is one of the world's most important fruit crops that is widely cultivated in tropical countries for its valuable applications in food industry. Its enormous by-products are an excellent source of highly valuable raw materials for other industries by recycling agricultural waste. This prevents an ultimate loss of huge amount of untapped biomass and environmental issues. This review discusses extensively the breakthrough in the utilization of banana by-products such as peels, leaves, pseudostem, stalk and inflorescence in various food and non-food applications serving as thickening agent, coloring and flavor, alternative source for macro and micronutrients, nutraceuticals, livestock feed, natural fibers, and sources of natural bioactive compounds and bio-fertilizers. Future prospects and challenges are the important key factors discussed in association to the sustainability and feasibility of utilizing these by-products. It is important that all available by-products be turned into highly commercial outputs in order to sustain this renewable resource and provide additional income to small scale farming industries without compromising its quality and safety in competing with other commercial products.

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Section: Source Of Nutraceutical and Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Banana by-products: an under-utilized renewable food biomass with great potential

et al. 2012

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“…Moreover, it is advertised to reduce the risk factors for different diseases [1]. A nutraceutical formulation is simply a hybrid between food and drug [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over-the-Counter Herbal Weight Loss Supplements in Egypt: Label Claim, Microbiological and Pharmaceutical Quality, and Safety Assessments

et al. 2018

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Objectives: Nutraceuticals are advertised and sold with the label claim of being natural and safe herbal products. Due to the absence of clear regulations and guidelines for safety assessments of these products, nutraceuticals are commonly adulterated in order to increase sales. The objective of the current study was to design a comprehensive evaluation system to assess the safety, efficacy, authenticity according to label claim, and pharmaceutical quality of herbal slimming products in between 2015 and 2017. Methods: We designed a comprehensive assessment system to evaluate the safety, authenticity according to label claim, and pharmaceutical quality of slimming nutraceuticals. Six different popular products were evaluated (Zotreem Plus®, Zotreem Extra®, Malaysian Super Slim®, AB Slim®, Chinese Super Slim®, and Metabolites®). The pharmaceutical evaluation included analyzing the samples via high-performance liquid chromatography to determine any possible adulterants. Additionally, the products’ physical properties were assessed via pharmacopeial tests. Finally, a microbial evaluation and a cross-sectional observational retrospective prevalence study were conducted to assess the products’ safety and efficacy. Results: The tested products were found to be adulterated with unreported active pharmaceutical ingredients such as sibutramine, sildenafil, phenolphthalein, and orlistat. Furthermore, they contained heterogeneous amounts of adulterants and exhibited an unsatisfactory pharmaceutical and microbial quality. Finally, the observational survey conducted on users showed that high percentages of participants suffered from common side effects such as depression, diarrhea, and hypertension. Conclusions: These products threaten the health of consumers. There is a need to raise awareness of the lethal consequences of illegal nutraceuticals.

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“…Furthermore, microalgae are marketed as supplement to human nutrition in several formulations, such as tablets, capsules or extracts and advertised with positive physiological effects on the consumer's health due to its richness in protein, vitamins, polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and microelements. Since the registration of such products as a drug is expensive and time-consuming, these products are defined as nutraceuticals, which do not easily fall into the legitimated categories of food or drugs but occupy a grey area between both (Gulati andBerry 2006, Grobbelaar 2003). Furthermore, the nutraceutical markets are still not well regulated (Bagchi 2006) and every country has its own food-safety regulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality analysis of commercial Chlorella products used as dietary supplement in human nutrition

Görs

Schumann

Hepperle³

et al. 2009

J Appl Phycol

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Chlorella vulgaris is one of the best-studied phototrophic eukaryotes. From the 1950s on, C. vulgaris and some other algal species were cultivated in huge quantities to meet the growing demand for alternative protein sources. After drying, algal biomass can be merchandised as tablets, capsules, extract or powder with specific biochemical qualities. However, the products quality, e.g. the containing species, microbial contamination or content and quality of pigments varies enormously. In this study, commercial Chlorella products, unprocessed Chlorella powders and several production strains were investigated. Molecular analysis of the 18S rDNA confirmed either the existence of more than one species per product or only other green algae species in about half of the samples tested. Many of the examined samples contained critical amounts of bacterial contaminations. Furthermore, cyanobacteria were detected in some of the samples. The content of chlorophyll a varied greatly between the samples and pheophytin, a degradation product of chlorophyll, was detected in some samples in large concentrations. These data indicate that quality control of microalgal products is an important issue that should be addressed by the manufactures.

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Legislation relating to nutraceuticals in the European Union with a particular focus on botanical-sourced products

Cited by 102 publications

References 5 publications

Banana by-products: an under-utilized renewable food biomass with great potential

Banana by-products: an under-utilized renewable food biomass with great potential

Over-the-Counter Herbal Weight Loss Supplements in Egypt: Label Claim, Microbiological and Pharmaceutical Quality, and Safety Assessments

Quality analysis of commercial Chlorella products used as dietary supplement in human nutrition

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