Legionella moravica sp. Nov. and Legionella brunensis sp. Nov. Isolated from cooling-tower water

Wilkinson, Hazel W.; Drašar, Vladimír; Thacker, W L; Benson, Robert F.; Schindler, Jiří; Potuźníková, B; Mayberry, W. R.; Brenner, Don J.

doi:10.1016/0769-2609(88)90102-0

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The single case of native valve endocarditis reported in the literature was due to L. pneumophila (18). In contrast, 16S rRNA PCR and sequencing of the aortic value tissue and culture isolate in our case revealed that the Legionella strain, designated H63, shared the highest similarity with L. brunensis ATCC 43878 T (98.4%), an environmental strain originally isolated from a cooling tower in Czechoslovakia and never implicated in disease (23 T (96.0%). While bacterial strains displaying less than 97% similarity in 16S rRNA sequence are to be considered distinct species, it has recently been suggested, based on retrospective analysis of 16S rRNA data and DNA-DNA hybridization values, that the cutoff value be raised to 98.7% (19).…”

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confidence: 64%

“…Compared to entries in the Sherlock CLIN database, H63 had a fatty acid composition most similar to L. steigerwaltii and L. jamestowniensis, with similarity indices of 0.397 and 0.357, respectively. H63 was further distinguished from L. brunensis by the fact the main fatty acid of that type strain is C 15:0 at 39%, followed by C 17:0 anteiso at 24% and C 16:0 at 12% (23). Taken together, the results from standard phenotypic analysis support the view that H63 represents a novel strain of Legionella.…”

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confidence: 54%

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Native Valve Endocarditis Due to a Novel Strain of Legionella

et al. 2011

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Legionellae are Gram-negative bacteria which are capable of causing disease, most commonly in the form of pneumonia. We describe a case of native valve endocarditis caused by a Legionella strain which by genotypic (16S rRNA and mip gene sequencing) and phenotypic analyses is unlike previously described strains of Legionella.Of the 54 validly named Legionella species, 21 have been isolated from human infections (14,24). Legionella pneumophila represents 90% of the cases, with L. longbeachae and L. bozemanae being the next most common, causing 4% and 2% of cases, respectively (25). The primary site for Legionella infection is the lung, but in rare cases, Legionella is found in extrapulmonary sites, either as a consequence of dissemination from the lung or as isolated primary infections (13). Here, we describe an unusual case of Legionella endocarditis in a native heart valve. Genotypic and phenotypic analyses indicate that the bacterial isolate is unlike previously described strains of Legionella.A 68-year-old woman with Goodpasture's syndrome who underwent living related kidney transplantation in 2004 presented to the hospital in August 2009 complaining of chest pain and dyspnea on exertion. Her history was notable for cytomegalovirus viremia in 2004 and an episode of organ rejection in 2008 requiring methylprednisolone and thymoglobulin therapy. Her maintenance immune suppression was mycophenolic acid and tacrolimus. At presentation, she reported a 1-day history of chest pain associated with nausea, diaphoresis, and anxiety. She was afebrile, with a heart rate of 100 bpm, blood pressure 113/42 mm Hg, and pulse oximetry of 96% on 2 liters of oxygen. A grade II holosystolic murmur was present. Her leukocyte count was 13,500/mm 3 (normal range, 4.1 to 10.9/ mm 3 ), creatinine level was 3.5 mg/dl (normal range, 0.4 to 1.0 mg/dl), potassium level was 5.7 meq/liter (normal range, 3.4 to 5.1 meq/liter), and troponin level was 0.2 ng/ml (normal range, Յ0.1 ng/ml). A chest radiograph demonstrated an infiltrate in the right lower lobe, which was confirmed by computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest.Due to a history of penicillin allergy, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin were initiated for suspected health care-associated pneumonia (she had been hospitalized 3 weeks earlier for "gastroenteritis"). L. pneumophila urine antigen and urine pneumococcal antigen were undetectable, and blood cultures revealed no growth. Her troponin level continued to rise and peaked at 2.18 ng/ml. A transesophageal echocardiogram showed a 1.09-cm freely mobile mass on the left coronary cusp of the aortic valve, consistent with vegetation.Vancomycin and ciprofloxacin were continued, and gentamicin was added for empirical coverage of culture-negative endocarditis. Her clinical status deteriorated, and she underwent emergency aortic valve replacement with a bovine bioprosthesis on the 6th day of hospitalization. Intraoperative findings included a trileaflet aortic valve with a large vegetation on the left coronary cusp. No aortic annulus abscess was ...

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confidence: 64%

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confidence: 54%

Native Valve Endocarditis Due to a Novel Strain of Legionella

et al. 2011

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“…Species C, D, and E cluster closely with L. londiniensis, L. waltersii, and L. brunensis, respectively. However, either these three species were not characterized or isolates were not available at the time of testing (4,10,42). A comparison of the ubiquinone and fatty acid profiles for species C, D, and E and L. londiniensis, L. waltersii, and L. brunensis confirmed that the scheme had grouped them correctly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence-Based Classification Scheme for the Genus Legionella Targeting the mip Gene

et al. 1998

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The identification and speciation of strains ofLegionella is often difficult, and even the more successful chromatographic classification techniques have struggled to discriminate newly described species. A sequence-based genotypic classification scheme is reported, targeting approximately 700 nucleotide bases of the mip gene and utilizing gene amplification and direct amplicon sequencing. With the exception ofLegionella geestiana, for which an amplicon was not produced, the scheme clearly and unambiguously discriminated among the remaining 39 Legionella species and correctly grouped 26 additional serogroup and reference strains within those species. Additionally, the genotypic classification of approximately 150 wild strains from several continents was consistent with their phenotypic classification, with the exception of a few strains where serological cross-reactivity was complex, potentially confusing the latter classification. Strains thought to represent currently uncharacterized species were also found to be genotypically unique. The scheme is technically simple for a laboratory with even basic molecular capabilities and equipment, if access to a sequencing laboratory is available.

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“…Slide agglutination test. The three isolates were tested with antisera to all previously characterized Legionella species (n = 30) and serogroups (n = 49) (1,2,4,6,12,14,15). Antisera to the three isolates, 1725-AUS-E, 1732-AUS-E, and 1733-AUS-E, were prepared and tested by slide agglutination as described previously (13).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legionella fairfieldensis sp. nov. isolated from cooling tower waters in Australia

et al. 1991

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Three Legionella-like organisms were isolated from water from the cooling towers of two Australian institutions. The strains grew on buffered charcoal-yeast extract (BCYE) agar but not on BCYE agar in the absence of L-cysteine. Gas-liquid chromatography profiles of the isolates were consistent with those for Legionella spp. They were serologically distinct from other legionellae in a slide agglutination test. DNA hybridization studies showed that the three isolates belong to a new species of Legionella, Legionella fairfieldensis (ATCC 49588).

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Legionella moravica sp. Nov. and Legionella brunensis sp. Nov. Isolated from cooling-tower water

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Native Valve Endocarditis Due to a Novel Strain of Legionella

Native Valve Endocarditis Due to a Novel Strain of Legionella

Sequence-Based Classification Scheme for the Genus Legionella Targeting the mip Gene

Legionella fairfieldensis sp. nov. isolated from cooling tower waters in Australia

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