Legionella feeleii Pneumonia

Dp, Misra; Lf, Harris; Wj, Shasteen

doi:10.1097/00007611-198708000-00035

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…jordanis, and L. maceachernii (73,88,160,184,232,236,238). Epidemiological investigations suggested that, as with L. pneumophila, water might be at the source of the outbreaks (32,74).…”

Section: Legionellaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms Resistant to Free-Living Amoebae

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Free-living amoebae feed on bacteria, fungi, and algae. However, some microorganisms have evolved to become resistant to these protists. These amoeba-resistant microorganisms include established pathogens, such as Cryptococcus neoformans, Legionella spp., Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Mycobacterium avium, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Francisella tularensis, and emerging pathogens, such as Bosea spp., Simkania negevensis, Parachlamydia acanthamoebae, and Legionella-like amoebal pathogens. Some of these amoeba-resistant bacteria (ARB) are lytic for their amoebal host, while others are considered endosymbionts, since a stable host-parasite ratio is maintained. Free-living amoebae represent an important reservoir of ARB and may, while encysted, protect the internalized bacteria from chlorine and other biocides. Free-living amoebae may act as a Trojan horse, bringing hidden ARB within the human “Troy,” and may produce vesicles filled with ARB, increasing their transmission potential. Free-living amoebae may also play a role in the selection of virulence traits and in adaptation to survival in macrophages. Thus, intra-amoebal growth was found to enhance virulence, and similar mechanisms seem to be implicated in the survival of ARB in response to both amoebae and macrophages. Moreover, free-living amoebae represent a useful tool for the culture of some intracellular bacteria and new bacterial species that might be potential emerging pathogens

show abstract

“…jordanis, and L. maceachernii (73,88,160,184,232,236,238). Epidemiological investigations suggested that, as with L. pneumophila, water might be at the source of the outbreaks (32,74).…”

Section: Legionellaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms Resistant to Free-Living Amoebae

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cases of non-pneumophila Legionella pneumonia have been found more frequently in the immunosuppressed (8,10,14,19,24), including a man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (14). Only rarely have cases been reported in healthy individuals (27).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only rarely have cases been reported in healthy individuals (27). Since the identification of L. feeleii in 1984 as the cause of Pontiac fever (7), there have only been 13 reported cases of L. feeleii pneumonia, of which 7 were community acquired (12,14,19,24,31), 3 were hospital acquired (8,10,12), and 3 were not clearly defined (27,28). Mortality rates as high as 37.5% have been reported (10).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yu et al found the incidence of community-acquired L. feeleii to be only 0.4% out of 508 cases of culture-confirmed community-acquired Legionella pneumonia in their multinational surveys (31). The initial case reports were all from the northern United States and Canada, suggesting a geographical predilection, but more recently cases have been described in a southern state (14) and internationally (12). Of all these reported cases of legionellosis, only three isolates have been identified as belonging to L. feeleii serogroup 2 (24,28).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Legionella feeleii Serotype 2 Pneumonia in a Man with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: a Challenging Diagnosis

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Legionella feeleii has rarely been reported as causing pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies. We present a case of Legionella feeleii serotype 2 pneumonia with empyema in a man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and describe the methods of identifying this organism using both standard methods and newer diagnostic techniques. CASE REPORTA 53-year-old white man presented to the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, to start his fourth cycle of fludarabine and rituximab for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). He had been diagnosed with CLL in 1998 but had only been started on chemotherapy 3 months prior to this admission when he experienced fatigue, anorexia, progressive lymphadenopathy, and a new left pleural effusion. On this presentation to the hospital, the patient complained of 7 days of fevers (39°C to 40°C), chills, a dry nonproductive cough, sharp rightsided lower back pain when lying down, and drenching night sweats. He denied diarrhea and had had no sick contacts. He had had a dental cleaning 7 days prior to the onset of these symptoms. He lived in Montana, where he worked in an officebased job in the construction industry, was a nonsmoker, had no pets, and had never received either a pneumococcal or influenza vaccine.The patient was nontoxic appearing and able to speak in full sentences. His temperature on admission was 38.4°C, blood pressure 115/69 mm Hg, heart rate 102 beats per minute, and respiratory rate 20 breaths per minute, with an oxygen saturation of 95% on ambient air. His examination was unremarkable, with clear breath sounds bilaterally without rhonchi or wheezes. He had mild leukopenia (white blood cell count of 2,800 cells/l, 69% neutrophils, 14% lymphocytes, and 13% monocytes), mild anemia (hemoglobin, 9.7 g/dl), and moderately elevated liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, 58 IU/liter; alanine aminotransferase, 82 IU/liter). Immunoglobulins were low (IgG level, 323 mg/dl; IgA, 21 mg/dl; IgM, 14 mg/dl). A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest showed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, a small leftsided pleural effusion, airspace disease in the right lower lobe with loculated effusions, and an area of cavitation (Fig. 1).Bronchoscopy revealed scant white secretions, and the bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid showed moderate neutrophils, few Gram-negative bacilli, no acid-fast or modified acid-fast bacilli, and a few budding yeast. A thoracentesis yielded cloudy, amber pleural fluid. The pleural fluid showed a white blood cell count of 8,350 cells/l (65% neutrophils), a glucose level of 80 mg/dl, a lactate dehydrogenase level of 945 U/liter, and a total protein level of 3.5 g/dl, consistent with an exudative effusion. After the procedures, ceftriaxone and azithromycin were initiated for community-acquired pneumonia. The patient became afebrile within 24 h of admission and did not require any supplemental oxygen. In-house real-time PCR performed on the BAL fluid was negative for both Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 16 (mip gene) and Pneumocystis jirovecii (...

show abstract

“…The search term ‘ Legionella feeleii ’ was used in the English‐language literature published since 1983, the year in which L. feeleii was first reported. Of the 10 cases of infection due to L. feeleii identified, all were cases of pneumonia and one of these cases had concomitant pericarditis (3–8). Seven cases for which adequate clinical information were provided were included in the final review.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%