Leghemoglobin and Nodulin Genes: Two Major Groups of Host Genes Involved in Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation

Verma, Desh Pal S.; Lee, J.; Fuller, Forrest; Bergmann, H. W.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-6923-0_289

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Induction of nodule specific genes occurs in both effective and ineffective nodules (2, 10,11,23). However, the level of induction is dependent upon host genotype, Rhizobium genotype, environment, and effectiveness of the symbiosis (28). Verma et al (28) suggested that the unqiue environment encountered in the nodule may be a factor responsible for the induction of some nodule specific genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the level of induction is dependent upon host genotype, Rhizobium genotype, environment, and effectiveness of the symbiosis (28). Verma et al (28) suggested that the unqiue environment encountered in the nodule may be a factor responsible for the induction of some nodule specific genes. In support of this suggestion, they demonstrated that a group of soybean root proteins which appeared 3 d after infection with Rhizobium also appeared after roots were treated with IAA (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Verma et al (28) suggested that the unqiue environment encountered in the nodule may be a factor responsible for the induction of some nodule specific genes. In support of this suggestion, they demonstrated that a group of soybean root proteins which appeared 3 d after infection with Rhizobium also appeared after roots were treated with IAA (28). Rhizobium bacteria can synthesize IAA and nodule tissue contains more IAA than does root tissue (21,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nodulin expression has been shown to be a function of the stage of nodule development and dependent upon the effectiveness ofthe symbiosis (2,10,23,28). Although the function of most nodulins remains unclear, three have been identified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the function of most nodulins remains unclear, three have been identified. Leghemoglobin is the classic example of a nodulin which has been characterized from numerous species (28). More recently uricase and GS (EC 6.3.1.2) from nodules of soybean and common bean Phaseolus vulgaris L., respectively, have been identified as nodulins (1, 4).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Alfalfa Root Nodule Carbon Dioxide Fixation

Miller

Boylan²,

Vance³

1987

Plant Physiol.

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Antiserum was prepared in rabbits against purified alfalfa (Medicago sati'a L.) nodule phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC). Immunotitration assays revealed that the antiserum recognized the enzyme from alfalfa nodules, uninoculated alfalfa roots, and from soybean nodules. Tandem-crossed immunoelectrophoresis showed that the PEPC protein from alfalfa roots and nodules was immunologically indistinguishable.The 101 kilodalton polypeptide subunit of alfalfa nodule PEPC was identified on Western blots. The PEPC polypeptide was detected in low quantities in young alfalfa roots and nodules but was present at increased levels in mature nodules. Senescent nodules appeared to contain a reduced amount of the PEPC polypeptide. PEPC was also detected by western blot in some plant-and bacterially-conditioned ineffective alfalfa nodules but was not detected in bacteroids isolated from effective nodules. Alfalfa nodule PEPC is constitutively expressed in low levels in roots. In nodules, expression of PEPC polypeptide increases several-fold, resulting in increased PEPC activity. Antiserum prepared against the C4 PEPC from maize leaves recognized the PEPC enzyme in all legume nodules and roots tested, while the antiserum prepared against alfalfa nodule PEPC also recognized the leaf PEPC of several C4 plant species. Neither antiserum reacted strongly with any C3 leaf proteins. The molecular weight of the PEPC polypeptide from C4 leaves and legume nodules appears to be similar.Rhizobium-legume induced root nodules are highly organized hyperplastic tissue masses derived from root cortical cells (21). Root nodule formation and function requires numerous specific events which are controlled by both the host plant and Rhizobium genomes (21). While substantial progress has been made in identifying rhizobial genes and gene products that regulate symbiosis, relatively little progress has been made in understanding the contribution of plant genes to symbiosis (2, 28). Several symbiotic genes have been documented through classical genetic studies of pea Pisum sativum L. (2), clover Trifolium pratense L. Studies with soybean (11, 28), pea (2), and alfalfa (10,23) '

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%