Legal Framework and Retirement Policies in Serbia from 1990 to 2016 – Gendered Perspective

Milovanovic, Olivera; Radevic, Svetlana; Jovanovic, Mirjana

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00208

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The purpose of these occasionally harsh policies is at least partially to compensate the loss of labor market size due to advanced population aging. Mandatory legal retirement age was moving in Europe from approximately 55 toward 65 in women, while in men, such approach preceded for many years ( 37 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disability, Work Absenteeism, Sickness Benefits, and Cancer in Selected European OECD Countries—Forecasts to 2020

Jakovljević

Malmose-Stapelfeldt

Milovanovic

et al. 2017

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundDisability either due to illness, aging, or both causes remains an essential contributor shaping European labor markets. Ability of modern day welfare states to compensate an impaired work ability and absenteeism arising from incapacity is very diverse. The aims of this study were to establish and explain intercountry differences among selected European OECD countries and to provide forecasts of future work absenteeism and expenditures on wage replacement benefits.MethodsTwo major public registries, European health for all database and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development database (OECD Health Data), were coupled to form a joint database on 12 core indicators. These were related to disability, work absenteeism, and sickness benefits in European OECD countries. Time horizon 1989–2013 was observed. Forecasting analysis was done on mean values of all data for each single variable for all observed countries in a single year. Trends were predicted on a selected time horizon based on the mean value, in our case, 7 years up to 2020. For this purpose, ARIMA prediction model was applied, and its significance was assessed using Ljung–Box Q test.ResultsOur forecasts based on ARIMA modeling of available data indicate that up to 2020, most European countries will experience downfall of absenteeism from work due to illness. The number of citizens receiving social/disability benefits and the number being compensated due to health-related absence from work will decline. As opposed to these trends, cancer morbidity may become the top ranked disability driver as hospital discharge diagnoses. Concerning development is the anticipated bold growth of hospital discharge frequencies due to cancer across the region. This effectively means that part of these savings on social support expenditure shall effectively be spent to combat strong cancer morbidity as the major driver of disability.ConclusionWe have clearly growing work load for the national health systems attributable to the clinical oncology acting as the major disability contributor. This effectively means that large share of these savings on public expenditure shall effectively be spent to combat strong cancer morbidity. On another side, we have all signs of falling societal responsibility toward the citizens suffering from diverse kinds of incapacity or impaired working ability and independence. Citizens suffering from any of these causes are likely to experience progressively less social support and publicly funded care and work support compared to the golden welfare era of previous decades.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disability, Work Absenteeism, Sickness Benefits, and Cancer in Selected European OECD Countries—Forecasts to 2020

Jakovljević

Malmose-Stapelfeldt

Milovanovic

et al. 2017

Front. Public Health

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“…Our study also revealed that, surprisingly, physicians from the Serbian capital Belgrade demonstrated less factual knowledge regarding the fragile X gene premutation than their colleagues from the rest of country. Belgrade's greater reliance on secondary and tertiary healthcare institutions compared to the rest of the country (Jovanovic, 2016 ) could partially explain such surprising gaps. According to Riley and Wheeler ( 2017 ), it is necessary to identify the public health system issues and barriers in the FXD field in order to move future activities in this field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragile X-Associated Disorders in Serbia: Baseline Quantitative and Qualitative Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Medical Professionals

et al. 2018

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We conducted a knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey of fragile X-associated disorders (FXD) in Serbia in order to obtain baseline quantitative and qualitative KAP data on fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) pre- and full mutations (PM, FM). The survey's 16-item questionnaire included a knowledge component (12/16), such as self-assessment knowledge (SAK) and factual knowledge (FK, 2/5 questions for PM, FXTAS and FXPOI). Education-directed attitudes in the FXD field and FMR1 DNA testing practices had 4/16 items, including brief case vignettes of FXTAS and FXPOI, respectively. The study's cohort consisted of primary care physicians (referred to as “physicians” in the rest of the text) throughout Serbia (n = 284, aged 26–64 years, 176/284, 62.2% in Belgrade, Serbia) and senior medical students (n = 245, aged 23–30 years; 33.5% males) at the Belgrade School of Medicine. Strikingly, half of the survey respondents indicated “not having any” knowledge for the fragile X gene premutation and FXD. Physicians were more likely to indicate “not having any” knowledge than students (41.2% of physicians vs. 13.1% of students, P < 0.05). Roughly half of the students had “minimal knowledge” (53.5 vs. 30.5% of physicians, P < 0.05). Low FK was common in the cohort, as few physicians had “all correct answers” (7.5 vs. 3.7% of students, P < 0.05; 16.5 vs. 9.5% of students for the 2/5 premutation-related questions). Statistical analyses identified physicians' practice setting and length of clinical experience as predictors of the lack of FK on questions related to FXD. Physicians were more likely than students to indicate “strongly agreed” to expand their knowledge of the gene premutation and FXD (90.9 vs. 66.7% of students, P < 0.01). However, students more frequently indicated that they are willing to recommend DNA testing in their future practices than physicians (93.5 vs. 64.8% of physicians, P < 0.001). In conclusion, there is a major gap in knowledge regarding fragile X gene PM and FXD among the study's participants in Serbia. The study's informative-educational survey serves as an initial step in the process of enhancing the KAP of medical professionals with regards to the fragile X gene premutation and FXD.

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“…Women's labour market inactivity in Serbia reflects broader gender norms: the extent of their unpaid work in households, inadequate support to women in reconciling work and family responsibilities, employers' discriminatory treatment of young women, the existing wage gap, women's lower statutory retirement age, as well as the existence of a statutory minimum social insurance contributions base which discourages formal part-time work, an option more commonly used by women with family responsibilities in other countries (Government of the Republic of Serbia 2016). The differences between men's and women's participation are most visible in older age groups (from 55 to 64 years), among those with low education, and in rural settlements (Milovanovic et al 2016).…”

Section: Employment Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serbia

Jakovljević¹,

Jovanovic²,

Milovanovic³

et al. 2020

Extended Working Life Policies

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Serbia is a post-socialist country with approximately 7.1 million people undergoing a strong and continuous process of demographic ageing. The average age of the population has increased to 43.2 years and the proportion older than 65 years has increased to 17.4%. The period of rapid ageing of the population coincided with political and economic crisis in Serbia during the last decade of the 20th century. This period was marked by extensive emigration of the younger population, the delay of birth and a strong decline in fertility. The major economic challenges ahead include: high unemployment rates, the need for job creation in the public sector, structural reforms of state-owned companies, strategic public sector reforms and the need for new foreign direct investment. Serbia has been gradually implementing structural economic reforms needed to ensure the country's long-term prosperity. Policies designed to extend working life have been one of the dominant responses to population ageing.

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Legal Framework and Retirement Policies in Serbia from 1990 to 2016 – Gendered Perspective

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Disability, Work Absenteeism, Sickness Benefits, and Cancer in Selected European OECD Countries—Forecasts to 2020

Disability, Work Absenteeism, Sickness Benefits, and Cancer in Selected European OECD Countries—Forecasts to 2020

Fragile X-Associated Disorders in Serbia: Baseline Quantitative and Qualitative Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Medical Professionals

Serbia

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