Legal considerations

Prevention of Drowning

“…159 Prognosis is ultimately dependent on the extent of cerebral hypoxia and resultant cerebral damage incurred during the initial drowning event and retrieval from the water. 160 Good outcomes (survival with no neurologic sequelae) are increased with submersion durations of less than 6 minutes and EMS response times of less than 10 minutes, 161 which can be facilitated by early rescue and initiation of bystander CPR. 2,115 The Submersion Score, a compilation of clinical signs, has identified pediatric patients at low risk for injury after significant submersion.…”

Ertrinkungsunfälle

“…B. der Sturz von Nichtschwimmern ins Wasser, Erschöpfung oder Kraftüberschätzung während des Schwimmens und Panik bzw. psychiatrische Zwischenfälle, zum Ertrinkungstod führen [19].…”

Regional anaesthesia in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy: low evidence and conservative views

“…6 Yet, not all hospitals can undertake these tests or anti-Xa tests calibrated for low-molecular-weight heparins: this may be not only because of the fact that they are not yet considered necessary on a routine basis but also because of their costs. 7 As anaesthetists, we should promote a wider availability of these tests to be used in the 'acute and preoperative setting' to facilitate the decision-making process. The economic burden for health systems of these additional tests would be mitigated by their limited indications, and avoidance of catastrophic and costly consequences without them.…”

“…In some urgent surgery, such as in hip fractures, where there is the need to perform the surgery within 48 h because of the high inter-individual plasma level variability, there will be uncertainty about anticoagulant levels: a preprocedural drug measurement will identify those patients who reach the safe plasma concentration, thus giving the anaesthetist confidence to use a neuraxial block to the benefit of the patient 6 . Yet, not all hospitals can undertake these tests or anti-Xa tests calibrated for low-molecular-weight heparins: this may be not only because of the fact that they are not yet considered necessary on a routine basis but also because of their costs 7 . As anaesthetists, we should promote a wider availability of these tests to be used in the ‘acute and preoperative setting’ to facilitate the decision-making process.…”

“…Recent findings suggest that this substitution is reliable and validated. 7 We also contend that, given that this is a previously validated method, the substitution of P peak in the estimation of mechanical power may represent a more practical approach, which simplifies the calculation of mechanical power at the bedside.…”