Legacy effects override soil properties for CO2 and N2O but not CH4 emissions following digestate application to soil

Rosace, Maria Chiara; Veronesi, Fabio; Briggs, Stephen; Cardenas, L. M.; Jeffery, Simon

doi:10.1111/gcbb.12688

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…This can indicate that the current manure-EF in the Canadian inventory might be underestimated. This inference is further supported by reports of legacy effects on N 2 O emissions from elds amended with manure (Pearce, 2017; Thilakarathna and Hernandez-Ramirez, 2021) or digestate applications (Rosace et al, 2020). Thus, to clarify these uncertainties, our study undertook the quanti cation of N 2 O emissions during a second year of manure injections and also the subsequent spring thaw following the cessation of manure injections.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Nitrous oxide emissions from northern barley croplands after injections of liquid manure and nitrification inhibitors

Lin

Hernandez‐Ramirez

Kryzanowski

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Increasing contributions of nitrous oxide (N2O) from agriculture to the atmosphere is a concern. We quantified N2O emissions from barley fields after repeated injections of liquid manure in Central Alberta, Canada. Manure alone was injected in the fall or spring, and we also evaluated two nitrification inhibitors (NIs: nitrapyrin and DMPP) admixed with the manure. Flux measurements were done with surface chambers from soil thawing to freezing. Soil moisture, ammonium and nitrate were repeatedly measured. Across all manure treatments, annual N2O emissions ranged broadly from 1.3 up to 15.8 kg N2O–N ha− 1, and likewise, the direct emission factor (EFd) varied widely from 0.23 up to 2.91%. When comparing the manure injections without NIs, spring-manure had higher annual N2O EFd than fall-manure. The effectiveness of NIs on reducing emissions manifested only in moist soils. The spring thaw after the last manure injections was very wet, and this generated high N2O emissions from soils that had received repeated manure injections in the previous years. We interpreted this result as an increased differential residual effect in soils amended with spring-manure in the previous growing season. This outcome supports the need to account for emissions in succeeding springs when estimating N2O EFd of manure injections. Neglecting this residual spring-thaw N2O emission would lead to a substantial underestimation of year-round EFd. Across all treatment combinations, increased spring-thaw N2O emissions were associated with increases in both moisture and postharvest nitrate in these heavily-manured soils.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Nitrous oxide emissions from northern barley croplands after injections of liquid manure and nitrification inhibitors

Lin

Hernandez‐Ramirez

Kryzanowski

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…However, in both years, significant differences among digestates were noted on several sampling dates, for N 2 O as well as 15 N-N 2 O fluxes (e.g., flux rates from M digestate vs. fluxes from SB digestate in Figure 2 and Supplementary Tables 1-3 (Abubaker et al, 2013). Therefore, N 2 O emissions discussed in this study might differ on soils with different soil textures or amendment history (Rosace et al, 2020). In this context, soil texture, soil amendment history and fertility status, especially OM content, plays a crucial role, exceeding the effect of digestate properties.…”

Section: N 2 O Emissions Affected By Fertilizer Typementioning

confidence: 75%

Field Application of Organic Fertilizers Triggers N2O Emissions From the Soil N Pool as Indicated by 15N-Labeled Digestates

Häfner

Ruser

Claß-Mahler

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) can generate biogas while simultaneously producing digestate which can be used as fertilizer. Feedstocks used for AD influence digestate composition, which in turn may affect carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) turn-over in soils and subsequently influence nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions after soil application. Assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from digestates can help to evaluate the overall sustainability of an agricultural production system. The objective of this study was therefore to evaluate and understand the effect of differences in digestate composition on in situ N2O emissions within the 1st weeks after application of seven digestates. The digestates were derived from different feedstocks and 15N-labeled, either in total N or only in ammonium-N. Therefore, the experimental design enabled us to differentiate between potential N2O-N sources (i.e., digestate N or soil N). Furthermore, it allowed to distinguish to some extent between organic-N and ammonium-N as potential N sources for denitrification. Digestates were homogeneously incorporated into the upper 5 cm of microplots in an arable Haplic Luvisol in South Germany at a rate of 170 kg N ha−1. After application, N2O fluxes were measured for ~60 days (May-July) using the closed chamber method in 2 experimental years. Mainly due to higher precipitations in the 1st year, cumulative N2O emissions were higher (312–1,580 g N2O-N ha−1) compared to the emissions (133–690 g N2O-N ha−1) in the 2nd year. Between 16–33% (1st year) and 17–38% (2nd year) of N2O emissions originated from digestate N, indicating that digestate application triggered N2O production and release mainly from soil N. This effect was strongest immediately after digestate application. It was concluded that the first (short term) peak in N2O emissions after digestate application is largely related to denitrification of soil-N. However, the experimental setup does not allow to differentiate between the different denitrification pathways. Weather conditions showed a substantial effect on N2O emissions, where the correlation between N2O and CO2 flux rates hinted on denitrification as main N2O source. The effect of digestate composition, particularly organic N from the digestate, on soil N2O emissions seems to be of minor relevance.

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“…This substantial difference is due to the fact that they used a broadcast application without incorporation into the soil. On the contrary, Rosace et al [44] measured, in their experiment, approximately more than six times lower carbon dioxide fluxes in a comparable measurement period straight after the digestate application. This difference in values may have been caused by a different measurement method (laboratory analysis) and by the different physical properties of soils, especially their texture, which influences the rate of escape of emissions into the atmosphere [45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Digestate Application Methods and Rates with Regard to Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Crop Conditions

Korba,

Šařec,

Novák

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Digestate is commonly used as a liquid organic fertilizer, as it contains nutrients that are important for plant growth and thus help reduce usage of mineral fertilizers. Since the digestate application leads to the release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, it is necessary to find a suitable application method and fertilizer rate with minimal gas emissions while providing sufficient nutrients to crops. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between selected GHGs and ammonia (NH3) release into the atmosphere and different rates of digestate applied, i.e., 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 m3 ha−1. Two digestate incorporation methods were used, i.e., a disc application unit (D) and strip-till (S). The fluxes, i.e., methane (CH4), ammonia, and carbon dioxide (CO2), were monitored using the wind tunnel method. Crop growth and potential nutrient utilization by silage maize were assessed through stand condition monitoring by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) using remote sensing. Under the given conditions, the digestate rates and the compared application methods had significant effects on the level of fluxes. The rate of digestate was confirmed to affect the yield of silage maize. The yield increased by more than 8% when using the disc applicator. Based on our results, it is advisable to apply digestate by strip-till technology at rates of approximately 20 m3 ha−1.

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Legacy effects override soil properties for CO₂ and N₂O but not CH₄ emissions following digestate application to soil

Cited by 12 publications

References 65 publications

Nitrous oxide emissions from northern barley croplands after injections of liquid manure and nitrification inhibitors

Nitrous oxide emissions from northern barley croplands after injections of liquid manure and nitrification inhibitors

Field Application of Organic Fertilizers Triggers N2O Emissions From the Soil N Pool as Indicated by 15N-Labeled Digestates

Digestate Application Methods and Rates with Regard to Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Crop Conditions

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