Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Demersal Fish Species from Southern Norway and Implications for Food Safety

Parolini, Marco; Panseri, Sara; Gaeta, Federico Håland; Ceriani, Federica; Felice, Beatrice De; Nobile, Maria; Mosconi, Giacomo; Rafoss, Trond; Arioli, Francesco; Chiesa, Luca Maria

doi:10.3390/foods9081108

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Being demersal fish species, Pleuronoectiformes and Rajiformes are more likely to accumulate PCBs and hazardous trace elements than other fish species ( 13 ). Therefore, when frequently eating flatfish or ray, the matter of food safety must be considered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional profiling and contaminant levels of five underutilized fish species in Norway

Kendler

Thornes²,

Jakobsen³

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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Exploring and making use of underutilized marine resources can be a sustainable approach to achieve future demands of fish consumption by the ever-growing population. Five species, namely European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), European flounder (Platichthys flesus), lemon sole (Microstomus kitt), megrim (Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis), and thornback ray (Raja clavate), often captured as by-catch in Norway, were characterized for their nutritional value and potential accumulation of hazardous components. The proximate composition, protein profile, fatty acid profile as well as essential and toxic trace elements and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed. Digestible indispensable amino acid (DIAA) ratios and scores (DIAAS) and contributions of omega-3 fatty acids to the diet were calculated. Analysis on proximate composition revealed low fat contents of 0.74 to 1.25% and sufficient protein contents between 16.9 and 24% in the five species. Results of DIAA indicate a profitable distribution, with contributions exceeding the daily intake recommendations for an adult person related to a 200 g fillet. Moreover, findings on the distribution of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) showed remarkable results, considering that the investigated species are lean fish. All five investigated fish exceed the recommended average daily intake level (AI) of EPA + DHA in a 200 g portion. As to toxic trace elements and PCBs, no significantly elevated levels were found considering a portion size of 200 g. Consequently, the nutritional quality of the investigated fish can be regarded as profitable with overall low potential health risks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High methylmercury exposure in pregnant women directly affects the neurodevelopment of the fetus ( 12 ). Moreover, bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants such as, e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can pose serious health issues due to their persistence and toxicity to the human body ( 13 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional profiling and contaminant levels of five underutilized fish species in Norway

Kendler

Thornes²,

Jakobsen³

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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“…To tackle for the contamination and to prevent potential risks for ecosystem and human health, in August 2018 a series of restoration activities, including the dredging of bottom sediments and the covering of the seabed with sand to isolate any residual of contamination, were implemented. Previous studies on mussels (Parolini et al, 2020a ) and demersal fish (Parolini et al, 2020b ) showed an increase in organohalogen compounds after the beginning of restoration activities, with potential human health risk due to mussel consumption (Parolini et al, 2020a ). As to date no information is available for TEs, the main goals of this study were the monitoring of TEs levels and trends before and during the sediment restoration activities, as well as the assessment of potential health risk due to human consumption of contaminated mussels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Trends and potential human health risk of trace elements accumulated in transplanted blue mussels during restoration activities of Flekkefjord fjord (Southern Norway)

Parolini

Panseri

Gaeta

et al. 2022

Environ Monit Assess

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The monitoring of contaminants represents a priority to preserve the integrity of marine ecosystems, as well as to plan and to manage restoration activities in order to protect environmental and human health. In the present study, a 6-months active biomonitoring was performed to explore the levels of eighteen trace and toxic elements, including heavy metals (TEs; i.e. Al, As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti, and Zn), accumulated in soft tissues of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758) individuals transplanted at different depths (5- and 15-m depth) in five locations within the Flekkefjord fjord (Southern Norway). As this area suffered a long-lasting contamination due to both organic and inorganic contaminants, a series of restoration activities were activated to tackle and to prevent potential risks for ecosystem and local population. Our results demonstrated that the levels of TEs accumulated in edible tissues of transplanted mussels in the Flekkefjord fjord were generally low before the beginning of the restoration activities. However, location- and time-specific differences in the accumulation of TEs were noted after the implementation of such activities. Interestingly, the levels of Fe and Mn significantly increased after the beginning of the restoration activities, likely because the release of these TEs from the slag used in such operations and/or resuspension of contaminated sediments. However, assuming that native mussels can accumulate the same TEs at levels measured in transplanted individuals, our results suggest a substantial safety for human consumption of native mussels from the Flekkefjord fjord, regardless of restoration activities.

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“…Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which have been described as organohalogenic and legacy/traditional contaminant [1]- [2] and are known to be environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals [3]- [5]. All PCBs are synthetic and hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) that still abound in sediment and in wildlife including fish [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Imported Fish

Wangboje

Okotie

2021

EJFOOD

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which have been described as organohalogenic and legacy contaminants that are hazardous to both wildlife and man. The paucity of ecotoxicological data on the PCB content in commercially important fish in Benin Metropolis, Nigeria, warranted this research. In this stead, the PCB profile in the Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus, Family: Clupeidae, mean length=31.59 cm; Mean weight=274.98 g) marketed in Benin Metropolis, was determined via Gas Chromatographic technique in order to evaluate its suitability for human consumption and to provide baseline data for this contaminant in commercially important fish species. The summary statistics for the mean concentrations of detectable PCBs in C. harengus ranged from 0.019 mg/kg (PCB 118, 156) to 0.434 mg/kg (PCB 126), with a total of 0.581 mg/kg (w/w) while the mean concentrations of PCBs in C. harengus by market ranged from 0.012 mg/kg (PCB 118) at Santana market to 0.526 mg/kg (PCB 126) at New Benin market with no observed significant difference (p>0.05) in the mean concentrations of PCBs in fish between markets. The toxicity quotient (TQ) values for PCBs in C. harengus ranged from 0.0095 (PCB 118, 156) to 0.217(PCB 126) while the estimated daily intake (EDI) values in mg/person/day for PCBs ranged from 0.00076 (PCB 118, 156) to 0.017 (PCB 126). A toxic equivalency (TEQ) value of 0.04342 while the total PCB content in C. harengus according to market ranged from 0.469 mg/kg (Santana market) to 0.658 mg/kg (Uselu market). The total toxicity of mixtures (TTM) index was 0.291. The PCB levels in fish decreased below International threshold values suggesting suitability for human consumption. Continous monitoring of this fish species for toxic concentrations of PCBs was proferred.

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Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Demersal Fish Species from Southern Norway and Implications for Food Safety

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Nutritional profiling and contaminant levels of five underutilized fish species in Norway

Nutritional profiling and contaminant levels of five underutilized fish species in Norway

Trends and potential human health risk of trace elements accumulated in transplanted blue mussels during restoration activities of Flekkefjord fjord (Southern Norway)

Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Imported Fish

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