Leg Heating Using Far Infra-red Radiation in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Acutely Improves the Hemodynamics, Vascular Endothelial Function, and Oxidative Stress

Inoue, Shujiro; Takemoto, Masao; Chishaki, Akiko; Ide, Tomomi; Nishizaka, Mari K.; Miyazono, Mami; Sawatari, Hiroyuki; Sunagawa, Kenji

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7115

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…, ) and acute thermal therapy (Inoue et al. ) improved impaired endothelial function in patients with CHF. Similarly, in this study, acute immersion of the lower leg and foot in mild warm CO 2 ‐rich warm water improved both endothelial function (FMD) and arterial stiffness (baPWV) (Table and Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) or decreases in oxidative stress contribute to the increase in NO bioavailability and vascular endothelial growth factor upregulation (Inoue et al. ). Therefore, improvement in endothelial‐mediated vasodilator function after warm CO 2 ‐rich water bathing may be associated with changes in NO production or oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, acute leg heating (45°C, 20 min) improves impaired endothelial function and oxidative stress in patients with CHF (Inoue et al. ). Therefore, these thermal therapies (heating methods) may be beneficial therapeutic options for patients with hypertension, CHF, and coronary artery disease (Imamura et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute vascular effects of carbonated warm water lower leg immersion in healthy young adults

et al. 2016

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Endothelial dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity; however, this dysfunction may be ameliorated by several therapies. For example, it has been reported that heat‐induced increases in blood flow and shear stress enhance endothelium‐mediated vasodilator function. Under these backgrounds, we expect that carbon dioxide (CO 2)‐rich water‐induced increase in skin blood flow improves endothelium‐mediated vasodilation with less heat stress. To test our hypothesis, we measured flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) before and after acute immersion of the lower legs and feet in mild warm (38°C) normal or CO 2‐rich tap water (1000 ppm) for 20 min in 12 subjects. Acute immersion of the lower legs and feet in mild warm CO 2‐rich water increased FMD (P < 0.01) despite the lack of change in this parameter upon mild warm normal water immersion. In addition, FMD was positively correlated with change in skin blood flow regardless of conditions (P < 0.01), indicating that an increase in skin blood flow improves endothelial‐mediated vasodilator function. Importantly, the temperature of normal tap water must reach approximately 43°C to achieve the same skin blood flow level as that obtained during mild warm CO 2‐rich water immersion (38°C). These findings suggest that CO 2‐rich water‐induced large increases in skin blood flow may improve endothelial‐mediated vasodilator function while causing less heat stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute vascular effects of carbonated warm water lower leg immersion in healthy young adults

et al. 2016

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“…Especially, acute leg heating at 45°C for 20 min improves endothelial function and reduces oxidative stress in patients with chronic heart failure (Inoue et al. ). However, whole body heating may induce heat stress and increases sympathetic activity and thereby challenges the cardiovascular system (Frishman et al ; Eren et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of leg immersion in mild warm carbonated water on skin and muscle blood flow

et al. 2018

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Leg immersion in carbonated water improves endothelial‐mediated vasodilator function and decreases arterial stiffness but the mechanism underlying this effect remains poorly defined. We hypothesized that carbonated water immersion increases muscle blood flow. To test this hypothesis, 10 men (age 21 ± 0 years; mean ± SD) underwent lower leg immersion in tap or carbonated water at 38°C. We evaluated gastrocnemius muscle oxyhemoglobin concentration and tissue oxygenation index using near‐infrared spectroscopy, skin blood flow by laser Doppler flowmetry, and popliteal artery (PA) blood flow by duplex ultrasound. Immersion in carbonated, but not tap water elevated PA (from 38 ± 14 to 83 ± 31 mL/min; P < 0.001) and skin blood flow (by 779 ± 312%, P < 0.001). In contrast, lower leg immersion elevated oxyhemoglobin concentration and tissue oxygenation index with no effect of carbonation (P = 0.529 and P = 0.495). In addition, the change in PA blood flow in response to immersion in carbonated water correlated with those of skin blood flow (P = 0.005) but not oxyhemoglobin concentration (P = 0.765) and tissue oxygenation index (P = 0.136) while no relations was found for tap water immersion. These findings indicate that water carbonation has minimal effect on muscle blood flow. Furthermore, PA blood flow increases in response to lower leg immersion in carbonated water likely due to a large increase in skin blood flow.

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“…The local metabolism increases and excretion of sweat, may be observed. Short-wave infrared radiation is well-established therapeutic modality applied for selective heating of the deeper layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, thus causing positive therapeutics effects [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of thermovision for analysis of superficial temperature distribution changes after physiotherapy

Boerner

Bauer

Ratajczak

et al. 2014

J Therm Anal Calorim

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In physiotherapy, various physical agents are applied in order to combat pain, inflammation and to maximize the movement possibility of the treated person. Many physical modalities influence the body temperature; therefore, the therapy results may be directly visualized in terms of thermovision. The therapeutic doses and duration of treatment should be personalized according to the patient needs, feelings during the therapy, and the observed therapeutic results. Thermal imaging allows to visualize the skin temperature, as well as the temperature changes due to the physiotherapeutic procedures, and it is a helpful tool for therapy outcomes monitoring. In this paper, we analyzed the body response to therapeutic cooling (local cryotherapy) and heating (red and near infrared irradiation with special lamp) in two groups of volunteers: students (mean age 20.4) and older people (mean age 68.7). The physical agents were applied on the right thigh area. The mean temperatures in this areas were determined from thermal images before treatment, just after, and then 15 and 30 min after the therapy. The new MATLAB-based software was developed for image processing and analysis in selected regions of interests (ROI). The analysis revealed that in the case of heating the mean temperature returns to the initial one after 30 min in younger persons, whereas in elderly persons after 30 min it was still higher than that before the treatment. In the case of cooling, in older people the decrease of the mean temperature was smaller than in juniors. The analysis of temperature distribution in ROI in the untreated left leg revealed also that there is a systemic response to the physical agents, which was more visible after the application of cryotherapy. The thermovision allowed to find out the different responses to the physiotherapy in younger and older persons, what should be taken into account by therapy planning.

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Leg Heating Using Far Infra-red Radiation in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Acutely Improves the Hemodynamics, Vascular Endothelial Function, and Oxidative Stress

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Acute vascular effects of carbonated warm water lower leg immersion in healthy young adults

Acute vascular effects of carbonated warm water lower leg immersion in healthy young adults

Effect of leg immersion in mild warm carbonated water on skin and muscle blood flow

Application of thermovision for analysis of superficial temperature distribution changes after physiotherapy

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