Left ventricular summit -- concept, anatomical description and clinical significance

Abstract

In recent times the left ventricular summit (LVS) has become an interesting heart region. This triangular epicardial area is a ventricular arrhythmias source with a high level of difficulty for radiofrequency ablation. Providing systematic and comprehensive anatomical terminology of the LVS region may facilitate the exchanging of information among anatomists and electrophysiologists, increasing knowledge over this heart region. We will provide new anatomical terminology such as the apex of the left ventricular summit, arcuate line, septal margin, and mitral margin, as well as present a recent state of basicscientific knowledge from this heart region.