Left ventricular structural alterations are accompanied by subclinical systolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with concomitant hyperlipidemia: An analysis based on 3D speckle tracking echocardiography

Abstract

The combination of conventional echocardiography and 3DSTE could detect subclinical LV abnormalities in T2DM patients with or without hyperlipidemia.

Three‐Dimensional Global Left Ventricular Myocardial Strain Reduced in All Directions in Subclinical Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“…Most of the I 2 characteristics improved compared with the whole‐group analyses, most substantially in 3D GAS in patients with diabetes mellitus from 68% to 49%, followed by 3D GLS from 78% to 69%. Forest plots of 3D GLS in the group of patients with diabetes mellitus and the control group as well as MD of our subgroup analysis are shown in Figure 3 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 which was consistent with the main meta‐analysis. The other results of subgroup analysis in each group and MD of each strain value were also consistent with our main meta‐analysis (Figures S8 through S10 ).…”

“…Forest plots of GLS MD in the group of patients with diabetes mellitus and the control group are shown in Figure 2 . 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 3D GCS, GRS, and GAS were also lower in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, GCS had a medium effect size, and GRS and GAS had a small effect size (Table 5 , Figures S1 through S3 ).…”

“…We performed a subgroup analysis on 9 studies 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 that used the most popular STE software (EchoPAC, GE Healthcare). Table 6 shows the main results of our subgroup analysis.…”

“…Some studies have aimed to assess the effects of diabetes mellitus on cardiac function using 3D‐STE. 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 Most of these studies reported worse myocardial deformation indexes in patients with diabetes mellitus compared with healthy controls. However, the data are not robust and somewhat heterogeneous among studies.…”

The Systolic and Diastolic Cardiac Function of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Evaluation of Left Ventricular Strain and Torsion Using Conventional and Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

“…With the occurrence of microvascular complications, myocardial damage can be serious and even lead to cell necrosis or myocardial ischemia, for example, and, at this point, there will be myocardial stiffness and ventricular remodeling. These pathological changes (Rijzewijk et al, 2008;van den Bergh et al, 2008) and the changing trend of the strain parameters were basically similar to the findings of previous studies (Ernande et al, 2010;Li et al, 2014;Sugimoto et al, 2017;Lin et al, 2018;Mirea et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018). It can be concluded that strain parameters, such as GLS, are very sensitive markers of LV systolic function, much more so than LVEF (Hung et al, 2010;Park et al, 2018;Santos-Gallego et al, 2019).…”