Left ventricular size determines tissue Doppler-derived longitudinal strain and strain rate

Røsner, Assami; Bijnens, Bart; Hansen, Magna; How, Ole Jakob; Aarsæther, Erling; Müller, Stig; Sutherland, George R.; Myrmel, Truls

doi:10.1093/ejechocard/jen230

Cited by 92 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Strain rare describes the rate of deformation of myocardial tissue and depicts a complex interaction between intrinsic myocardial contractile force, extrinsic loading conditions, ventricular geometry and the elastic properties of the tissue [5,[27][28][29]. Longitudinal strain rate, in particular, has been shown to depend on hemodynamic load, both on preload and afterload [5,[29][30][31]. In our study, the bed restinduced changes in longitudinal systolic strain rate were directly correlated with changes in stroke volume and LV end-diastolic volume (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of prolonged cardiac unloading on left ventricular mass and longitudinal myocardial performance: an experimental bed rest study in humans

Kozàkovà

Malshi

Morizzo

et al. 2011

Journal of Hypertension

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of prolonged cardiac unloading on left ventricular mass and longitudinal myocardial performance: an experimental bed rest study in humans

Kozàkovà

Malshi

Morizzo

et al. 2011

Journal of Hypertension

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“…21 This inverse relation between strain and heart size has also been confirmed by animal experiments. 37 However, during the first trimester, a higher deformation rate suggests a status of increased contractility as response to the hemodynamic changes of early pregnancy.…”

Section: How To Determine Cardiac Function?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Functional Adaptation of the Maternal Heart During Pregnancy

Savu

Jurcuţ

Giuşcă

et al. 2012

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

237

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Background-Pregnancy provides a unique model to study the adaptation of the heart in a physiological situation of transient load changes. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the left ventricle (LV) in normal, uncomplicated pregnancies while considering the actual LV load and shape. Methods and Results-Serial echocardiographic examinations were performed in 51 women in each pregnancy trimester and 3 to 6 months after delivery. Data from 10 nulliparous, age-matched women were used as the control. Conventional parameters of LV function (ejection fraction) as well as myocardial deformation (strain) were interpreted, taking into consideration maternal hemodynamics and LV shape. Cardiac output increased during pregnancy because of a higher stroke volume in early pregnancy and a late increase in heart rate, whereas total vascular resistance decreased. Progressive development of eccentric hypertrophy was observed, which subsequently recovered postpartum. Sphericity index decreased from the first to the third trimester (1.92Ϯ0.17 versus 1.71Ϯ0.17) and returned postpartum to values comparable to the control. Although higher LV stroke work was noted toward the third trimester (5.9Ϯ1.1 versus 5.3Ϯ1.0 Newton meter, PϽ0.001), ejection fraction showed no significant changes. LV strain decreased significantly in late pregnancy (Ϫ19.5Ϯ2% to Ϫ17.6Ϯ1.6%, PϽ0.001) and returned to baseline values after delivery (Ϫ19.5Ϯ2%). Conclusions-Pregnancy is a physiological process associated with increased cardiac performance and progressive LV remodeling. These changes are not directly reflected by parameters traditionally considered to describe systolic function, such as ejection fraction and longitudinal deformation. While ejection fraction was insensitive to the functional changes, the transient decrease in longitudinal deformation becomes only plausible when considering the changes in LV geometry. (Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5:289-297.)

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“…During development and childhood, ventricular size as well as the required stroke volume is changing. This implies that deformation can be different when comparing different stages of fetal life or different age groups, although contractility is exactly the same [29]. Similarly, the difference in ventricular size between the sexes implies different normal deformation values [30].…”

Section: Myocardial Deformation Versus Ventricular Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Motion and Deformation: What Does It Tell Us and How Does It Relate to Function?

et al. 2012

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The assessment of cardiac pump function and the potential of local myocardium to contribute to the overall performance are of great importance in many cardiovascular abnormalities. Assessing intrinsic cardiac function requires obtaining information on the true contractility of the heart muscle, assessed locally but interpreted in the context of its contribution to the global ejection performance and potential to adapt to changing circumstances. Contemporary imaging techniques offer the possibility of noninvasive quantification of myocardial deformation. These new clinical tools are attractive to use for the assessment of ventricular function. However, it is of great importance to understand cardiac mechanics – a complex interplay between the tissue structure/shape, force development, and interaction with the environment/neighbors – to interpret alterations in deformation and to extract clinically relevant conclusions. The combination of insight into the measurement techniques and their limitations, together with knowledge of myocardial mechanics and physiology, opens new perspectives to improve the assessment and management of fetal, pediatric, and adult patients.

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Left ventricular size determines tissue Doppler-derived longitudinal strain and strain rate

Abstract: Longitudinal epsilon and SR decrease with increasing LV dimensions in spite of an unaltered contractility. These results show and confirm that heart size influences epsilon and SR, which are highly load-dependent parameters.

Cited by 92 publications

References 23 publications

Impact of prolonged cardiac unloading on left ventricular mass and longitudinal myocardial performance: an experimental bed rest study in humans

Impact of prolonged cardiac unloading on left ventricular mass and longitudinal myocardial performance: an experimental bed rest study in humans

Morphological and Functional Adaptation of the Maternal Heart During Pregnancy

Myocardial Motion and Deformation: What Does It Tell Us and How Does It Relate to Function?

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