Left ventricular pseudo-aneurysm after transapical valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement treated with percutaneous closure

Percutaneous closure of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm

“…Congenital heart defect repair (Ross procedure [24], ventricular septal defect (Swiss-cheese) repair [66] [7,31,35,36,41,43,51,52], and the remaining 42 (80.8%) patients had 59 symptoms, with chest pain and dyspnoea/shortness of breath being the most common (Table II). The ejection fraction of the patients was 31.6 ±13.9% (range: 16-55%; median: 25%) (n = 7) [15,36,42,45,53,55,68].…”

“…The 66 recruited articles included 1 (1.5%) retrospective study [ 22 ], 4 (6.1%) case series [ 36 , 48 , 52 , 65 ], 43 (65.2%) case reports [ 5 , 7 , 9 – 11 , 13 , 14 , 17 – 21 , 24 , 25 , 27 – 32 , 34 , 35 , 38 – 40 , 42 , 43 , 45 – 47 , 49 – 51 , 54 , 55 , 58 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 66 – 68 , 71 ], 14 (21.2%) medical images [ 12 , 15 , 16 , 23 , 26 , 33 , 41 , 44 , 53 , 56 , 59 , 61 , 69 , 70 ], and 4 (6.1%) proceeding abstracts/posters [ 8 , 37 , 57 , 64 ]. There were a total of 93 patients, including 58 (63.0%) male and 34 (37.0%) female (χ 2 = 12.5, p = 0.001), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.7 : 1 (gender of 1 patient was unknown).…”

“…Effects of percutaneous closure for LVPA cavity were reported as follows: complete exclusion of the LVPA ( n = 8) [ 7 , 12 , 15 , 28 , 33 , 44 , 45 , 50 ], complete thrombosis of LVPA with no residual flow ( n = 7) [ 11 , 26 , 34 , 41 , 46 , 55 , 61 ], contraction of the pseudoaneurysm ( n = 1) [ 69 ], partial thrombosis of LVPA ( n = 1) [ 7 ], no blood communication to LVPA by thrombin injection [ 51 , 37 ], large LVPA sacs filled with embolisation coils ( n = 3) [ 37 ], LVPV reduced in diameter [ 6 ], and LVPA persistent but not increasing in size and partially thrombosed [ 39 ].…”

“…Patients’ hospital stay after percutaneous LVPA closure was 5.3 ±6.0 (range: 1–28; median: 3) days ( n = 26) [ 5 , 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 , 16 – 18 , 21 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 45 , 46 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 56 , 58 , 60 ]. Patients were on a follow-up of 12.4 ±19.4 (range: 1–84; median: 6) months ( n = 52) [ 5 , 7 , 9 – 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 – 22 , 24 – 29 , 31 , 34 – 39 , 42 , 43 , 46 – 49 , 52 , 54 – 62 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 69 , 71 ]. Outcomes were known for 71 patients: 41 (57.7%) recovered [ 8 , 11 , 12 , 14 – 18 , 20 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 34 – 38 , 41 , 46 – 49 , 51 , 53 …”

“…Effects of percutaneous closure for LVPA cavity were reported as follows: complete exclusion of the LVPA (n = 8) [7,12,15,28,33,44,45,50], complete thrombosis of LVPA with no residual flow (n = 7) [11,26,34,41,46,55,61], contraction of the pseudoaneurysm (n = 1)…”