Left ventricular outflow tract thrombus in a child with dilated cardiomyopathy: An atypical location

Abstract

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) may be associated with formation of intracardiac thrombi which may embolize and result in life-threatening complications. We present a 19-month-old female child with DCM who presented with a right hemispheric cerebrovascular accident. Urgent echocardiography revealed poor left ventricular systolic function and a thrombus attached to the interventricular septum along the left ventricular outflow tract. There was resolution of the thrombus following the use of warfarin.

A rare case study of pyoderma gangrenosum with dilated cardiomyopathy and multiple cerebral infarct in malnourished children

“…Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by LV dilation and systolic dysfunction as identified in this patient. Several studies revealed that intracardiac thrombi could be a complication of DCM [ 19 , 20 ]. Factors implicated in the formation of thrombi in DCM include low-velocity swirling of blood, abnormal endocardial surfaces, atrial fibrillation, and a hypercoagulable state [ 21 ].…”

“…Severe malnutrition is common in developing countries and data indicates that malnourished children are at higher risk of dying once infected [ 6 ]. Additionally, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a phenotype of cardiomyopathy caused by idiopathic, familial, genetic mutations (primary) and inflammatory, congenital heart disease, oncologic, toxin-mediated, systemic, and nutritional disorders including protein-energy malnutrition (secondary) [ 7 ].…”