Left Ventricular Diverticulum in Two Adult Patients

Abstract

SUMMARYLeft ventricular diverticulum is a rare congenital anomaly. In the adult population, the incidence was reported to be 0.26% in nonselected patients who underwent cardiac catheterization. Diverticula are usually localized near the apex and most often involve the inferior or anterior parietal walls of the left ventricle. In this report, two cases with congenital left ventricular diverticulum are presented, and the pathophysiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches of this cardiac malformation are discussed. ( LEFT ventricular diverticulum is a rare congenital anomaly. In the adult population, the incidence was reported to be about 0.4% in an autopsy series of patients with cardiac death, and about 0.26% in nonselected patients who underwent cardiac catheterization.1,2) Diverticula are usually localized near the apex and most often involve the inferior or anterior parietal walls of the left ventricle.3) They can be associated with midline defects concerning the pericardium, and malformations such as septal defects, 4) pulmonary stenosis or dextrocardia. 5) We report two cases of isolated congenital left ventricular diverticulum with complaints of concomitant chest pain. CASE 1A 55-year-old male patient was referred to our clinic because of complaints of chest pain during effort. There were no coronary risk factors except smoking (20 years) and age. His blood pressure was 135/80 mmHg and he had a regular pulse of 84 beats/min. No heart murmur was detected and his lungs were clear. An abdominal examination was unremarkable and edema was absent. No abnormal neurological findings were noted, and the results of laboratory tests and chest X-rays were unremarkable. An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a sinus rate of From the

Congenital left ventricular diverticulum: Multimodality imaging evaluation and literature review

“…In adulthood, it is reported in about 0.4% of cardiac death autopsies, and about 0.26% in non selected patients who have undergone cardiac catheterization [1][2][3][4][5]. Patients are usually asymptomatic.…”

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm following mitral valve surgery

“…LV diverticulae are rare congenital anomalies consisting of localized protrusion of endocardium and myocardium from the free wall of the LV. [7] LVPA can be diagnosed by LV angiography, computed tomography or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although cardiac MRI and computed tomography are noninvasive and accurate, it may not be the choice in an unstable patient.…”

2D and 3D Echocardiography of a Left Ventricular Diverticulum

“…Left ventricular diverticulum is a rare congenital anomaly. In the adult population, the incidence was reported to be about 0.4% in an autopsy series of patients with cardiac death and about 0.16% in nonselected patients who underwent cardiac catheterization 1 …”

“…In the adult population, the incidence was reported to be about 0.4% in an autopsy series of patients with cardiac death and about 0.16% in nonselected patients who underwent cardiac catheterization. 1 The diverticulum is a sac that protrudes through a hollow organ, in the heart; it is preferably located in the left ventricle, 2 its size varies from 1 to 8-9 cm, and there are two types of diverticulum: muscular and fibrotic. 3 Usually, the muscular type is located in the apex of the left ventricle; it does not affect the myocardial structure and the amount of fibrotic tissue is minimal.…”