Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) extend survival of patients with end-stage heart failure as a bridge to transplant or for destination therapy. However, implant of these devices may be challenging, especially in cases of a left ventricular aneurysm involving the left ventricular apical wall. In this report, we describe a symptomatic patient with ischemic cardiomyopathy and a large left ventricular anterior aneurysm treated by reco nstruction of the left ventricle and simultaneous implant of the HeartWare LVAD system (HVAD; HeartWare International, Inc., Framingham, MA, USA).
Key words: Left ventricular aneurysm, LVAD, Myocardial infarction
Case ReportA 62-year-old male patient was referred to our center 26 days after acute myocardial infarction with ischemic cardiomyopathy and New York Heart Association functional class IV heart failure. Echocardiography revealed left ventricular ejection fraction of 12% and a large left ventricular aneurysm (4.0 × 3.5 × 3.0 cm). Left ventricular apical wall thickness was 4.0 mm on echocardiography. Cardiac catheterization was performed; pulmonary vascular resistance was 6 mm Hg·min -1 ·L -1 , and transpulmonary pressure gradient was 18 mm Hg. Therefore, the patient was not a candidate for heart transplant. Left ventricular assist device implantation with surgical ventricular reconstruction was decided due to the patient's deteriorating clinical situation, despite maximal medical therapy.After median sternotomy, cardiopulmonary bypass was established via aortocaval cannulation. A large aneurysm involving the anterior and lateral wall of the heart was encountered (Figure 1). Aneurysm resection with linear reconstruction was performed by a longitudinal incision parallel to the left anterior descending artery with subendocardial thrombectomy, without cross-clamp and cardioplegia, on the beating heart. Resection was extended to the anterior and lateral left ventricular wall, leaving behind approximately 4 cm of apical wall to implant the pump. The HVAD system was implanted using a standard technique as described in the instructions for use (Figure 2