Left Vent R Icular Function Changes in Severe Anemia by Echocardiography: A Correlation Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:In the last decade, anemia is recognized as an important cause of morbidity, a factor limiting physical activity, responsible for a poor quality of life, and a predictor of unfavorable outcomes. Anemia is emerging as a potential contributor to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Hence the present study was undertaken to correlate echocardiographic changes with anemic status. METHODOLOGY: Present study was conducted in Al-Ameen Medical College and Government district Hospital, Bijapur. 31 anemic patients (aged 18-40 yrs.) with Hb ≤7 gm. % were selected. All anemic patients were subjected for hemoglobin estimation and M mode 2D Echocardiography. Echocardiographic parameters-IVSTd, LVIDd, LVPWd, IVSTs, LVIDs, LVPWS, EDV, ESV, SV, SI, CI, EF, FS were studied and correlated with hemoglobin levels. Statistical analysis was done by correlation analysis. RESULTS: LVPWd, IVSTs, IVStd, LVPWs did not correlate with hemoglobin levels. LVIDd, LVIDs, EDV, ESV, SV, SI, CI were negatively correlated with hemoglobin levels in anemic patients. No correlation observed for EF, FS. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION:The findings of negative correlation of echo parameters with anemic status may be as a consequence of hyperdynamic circulatory state leading to vascular and cardiac changes. These changes are mainly due to increased preload, decreased afterload, changes in cardiac geometry. These factors increase systolic wall stress and over time lead to LV systolic dysfunction.

Left heart dimensions in anemic cats and dogs before and after blood transfusion

“…It is possible that this sample did not have passive dilatation if their disease was not sufficiently chronic or severe. Neurohormonal mechanisms are activated early in anemia, but increased preload is typically a late finding in anemic humans 22 …”

“…Neurohormonal mechanisms are activated early in anemia, but increased preload is typically a late finding in anemic humans. 22 Data on normal left heart dimensions in dogs were published after this study was completed. 23 Based on these data, definitions of left heart volume overload would be different to the current study and may affect the classification of dogs considered to have TACO.…”