Left Internal Mammary Artery as an Endocrine Organ: Insights Into Graft Biology and Long-term Impact Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Shadrin, Ilya Y.; Holmes, David R.; Behfar, Atta

doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.10.003

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Hence, we suggested that synergistic interactions between the coronary and ITA endothelium are among the factors determining better clinical outcomes of MAG, in addition to (1) similar microanatomy, as the coronary artery, ITA, and radial artery are muscular arteries which tunica media is delineated with internal and external elastic laminae and contains multiple layers of VSMCs [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]; (2) anti-fibrotic, anti-atherogenic, and anti-proteolytic chemical composition depleted in collagen and enriched with decorin in combination with curbed protease activity in arteries [70][71][72][73]; (3) contractile phenotype of arterial VSMCs [60,[74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83]; (4) favourable secretory profile of arterial ECs, which release increased levels of vasodilators (such as nitric oxide) and pro-angiogenic molecules [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94];…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reasons behind the superiority of MAG over SAG might include a higher mechanical competence of anastomoses between the ITA, radial artery, and coronary artery because all of them are muscular arteries with a similar histoarchitecture and diameter [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69], relatively low (≈25%) collagen content, optimal glycosaminoglycan profile and negligible protease activity in the arterial wall [70][71][72][73], quiescent profile of arterial vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) [60,[74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83], higher local secretion of vasodilators (e.g., nitric oxide) by ITA as compared to SV [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91], resistance to oxidative stress [92][93][94], favourable paracrine interactions between human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) and human internal thoracic artery endothelial cells (HITAECs) [91], and better vasoreactivity of muscular arteries in response to vasoactive substances [95][96][97][98][99] in conjunction with their anti-thrombotic profile…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Omics Profiling of Human Endothelial Cells from the Coronary Artery and Internal Thoracic Artery Reveals Molecular but Not Functional Heterogeneity

Frolov,

Lobov,

Kabilov

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Major adverse cardiovascular events occurring upon coronary artery bypass graft surgery are typically accompanied by endothelial dysfunction. Total arterial revascularisation, which employs both left and right internal thoracic arteries instead of the saphenous vein to create a bypass, is associated with better mid- and long-term outcomes. We suggested that molecular profiles of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) and human internal mammary artery endothelial cells (HITAECs) are coherent in terms of transcriptomic and proteomic signatures, which were then investigated by RNA sequencing and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Both HCAECs and HITAECs overexpressed molecules responsible for the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, basement membrane assembly, cell-ECM adhesion, organisation of intercellular junctions, and secretion of extracellular vesicles. HCAECs were characterised by higher enrichment with molecular signatures of basement membrane construction, collagen biosynthesis and folding, and formation of intercellular junctions, whilst HITAECs were notable for augmented pro-inflammatory signaling, intensive synthesis of proteins and nitrogen compounds, and enhanced ribosome biogenesis. Despite HCAECs and HITAECs showing a certain degree of molecular heterogeneity, no specific markers at the protein level have been identified. Coherence of differentially expressed molecular categories in HCAECs and HITAECs suggests synergistic interactions between these ECs in a bypass surgery scenario.

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