Left Brachiocephalic Vein Occlusion with Spontaneous Arteriovenous Fistula Presenting with Severe Edema of Left Upper Extremity and Face: A Case Report

Abstract

The coexistence of central venous occlusion (CVO) and arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) is rare among non-dialysis patients, and its diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Herein, we describe a case of left brachiocephalic vein occlusion (BVO) with spontaneous AVF presenting with severe edema of the left upper extremity and face.