Lefamulin. Comment on: “Novel Antibiotics for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Microorganisms. Microorganisms, 2019, 7, 270”

Koulenti, Despoina; Xu, Elena; Mok, Isaac Yin Sum; Song, Andrew; Karageorgopoulos, Drosos E.; Armaganidis, Apostolos; Lipman, Jeffrey; Tsiodras, Sotirios

doi:10.3390/microorganisms7100386

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The overloading usage of antibiotics can result in issues such as MDR bacterial spread, prolonged infection treatment and high mortality risk (Yah and Simate, 2015). Both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria include members that are distinguished as MDR bacteria or those sensitive to antibiotics (Cillóniz et al, 2019;Koulenti et al, 2019). S. aureus is considered a leading cause of morbidity and mortality (World Health Organization, 2017), especially with the rapid emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, which are resistant to all known β-lactam antibiotics (Boucher et al, 2009), as well as reports that clinical MRSA strains are also resistant to vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin (Nannini et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Biogenic Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Inhibit the Biofilm Formation and Virulence Activities of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strain

Hamida

Ali

Goda

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Emerging antibiotic-resistant bacteria result in increased mortality and have negative economic impacts. It is necessary to discover new strategies to create alternative antibacterial agents that suppress the bacterial resistance mechanism and limit the spread of serious infectious bacterial diseases. Silver nanoparticles may represent a new medicinal agents as alternative antibiotics affect different bacterial mechanisms such as virulence and resistance. In addition to that of silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) and ampicillin, for the first time, the inhibitory effect of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Desertifilum sp. (D-SNPs) was evaluated against five pathogenic bacteria using the agar well diffusion method. Also, the influence of D-SNPs and AgNO 3 on bacterial antioxidant and metabolic activities was studied. The antibacterial activity of D-SNPs and AgNO 3 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains was studied at the morphological and molecular level. D-SNPs and AgNO 3 have the ability to inhibit the growth of the five bacterial strains and resulted in an imbalance in the CAT, GSH, GPx and ATPase levels. MRSA treated with D-SNPs and AgNO 3 showed different morphological changes such as apoptotic bodies formation and cell wall damage. Moreover, both caused genotoxicity and denaturation of MRSA cellular proteins. Additionally, TEM micrographs showed the distribution of SNPs synthesized by MRSA. This result shows the ability of MRSA to reduce silver nitrate into silver nanoparticles. These data indicate that D-SNPs may be a significant alternative antibacterial agent against different bacteria, especially MDR bacteria, by targeting the virulence mechanism and biofilm formation, leading to bacterial death.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Biogenic Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Inhibit the Biofilm Formation and Virulence Activities of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strain

Hamida

Ali

Goda

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Lascufloxacin proved to be very active against Gram-positive bacteria, including resistant species ( Table S1 — Supplementary Materials ). Also, lascufloxacin is very promising against FQN-resistant pathogens located in the respiratory tract [ 166 , 167 , 168 ]. For example, a potent activity of lascufloxacin was proved against first-step mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae .…”

Section: Compounds In Therapy Since 2000mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A clinical study (phase II) regarding the safety and efficacy of nemonoxacin in diabetic foot infections was completed [ 203 , 204 ]. As a result, the FDA authorized oral administration of nemonoxacin to treat CAP and bacterial skin infections [ 166 , 205 , 206 ].…”

Section: Compounds In Therapy Since 2000mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of the Millennial Antibacterial (Fluoro)Quinolones—Shaping the Fifth Generation

et al. 2021

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The evolution of the class of antibacterial quinolones includes the introduction in therapy of highly successful compounds. Although many representatives were withdrawn due to severe adverse reactions, a few representatives have proven their therapeutical value over time. The classification of antibacterial quinolones into generations is a valuable tool for physicians, pharmacists, and researchers. In addition, the transition from one generation to another has brought new representatives with improved properties. In the last two decades, several representatives of antibacterial quinolones received approval for therapy. This review sets out to chronologically outline the group of approved antibacterial quinolones since 2000. Special attention is given to eight representatives: besifloxacin, delafoxacin, finafloxacin, lascufloxacin, nadifloxacin and levonadifloxacin, nemonoxacin, and zabofloxacin. These compounds have been characterized regarding physicochemical properties, formulations, antibacterial activity spectrum and advantageous structural characteristics related to antibacterial efficiency. At present these new compounds (with the exception of nadifloxacin) are reported differently, most often in the fourth generation and less frequently in a new generation (the fifth). Although these new compounds’ mechanism does not contain essential new elements, the question of shaping a new generation (the fifth) arises, based on higher potency and broad spectrum of activity, including resistant bacterial strains. The functional groups that ensured the biological activity, good pharmacokinetic properties and a safety profile were highlighted. In addition, these new representatives have a low risk of determining bacterial resistance. Several positive aspects are added to the fourth fluoroquinolones generation, characteristics that can be the basis of the fifth generation. Antibacterial quinolones class continues to acquire new compounds with antibacterial potential, among other effects. Numerous derivatives, hybrids or conjugates are currently in various stages of research.

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“…We will also briefly present alternative treatment approaches for Gram-positive microorganisms that are currently under clinical development. For novel, approved antibiotics against MDR Gram-positive microorganism, we refer the reader to other publications [4,5]. defensin mimetic S. aureus and S. epidermidis ABSSSI 1 Nemonoxacin has been approved for treating community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Taiwan and China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Treatment Options for Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Microorganisms

Koulenti

Song

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Antimicrobial agents are currently the mainstay of treatment for bacterial infections worldwide. However, due to the increased use of antimicrobials in both human and animal medicine, pathogens have now evolved to possess high levels of multi-drug resistance, leading to the persistence and spread of difficult-to-treat infections. Several current antibacterial agents active against Gram-positive bacteria will be rendered useless in the face of increasing resistance rates. There are several emerging antibiotics under development, some of which have been shown to be more effective with an improved safety profile than current treatment regimens against Gram-positive bacteria. We will extensively discuss these antibiotics under clinical development (phase I-III clinical trials) to combat Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus pneumoniae. We will delve into the mechanism of actions, microbiological spectrum, and, where available, the pharmacokinetics, safety profile, and efficacy of these drugs, aiming to provide a comprehensive review to the involved stakeholders.

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Lefamulin. Comment on: “Novel Antibiotics for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Microorganisms. Microorganisms, 2019, 7, 270”

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Novel Biogenic Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Inhibit the Biofilm Formation and Virulence Activities of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strain

Novel Biogenic Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Inhibit the Biofilm Formation and Virulence Activities of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strain

Structural Characterization of the Millennial Antibacterial (Fluoro)Quinolones—Shaping the Fifth Generation

Emerging Treatment Options for Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Microorganisms

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