Lectin-induced enhancement of superoxide anion production by red tide phytoplankton

Effects of Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) on protist grazers: laboratory experiments with ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates

“…Much research has focused on production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their role in damaging gill tissue (Yang et al 1995, Oda et al 1997, Twiner & Trick 2000. A second hypothesis is that mucus, produced by either the alga or the fish, clogs the gills and leads to asphyxiation , Oda et al 1998). Production of brevetoxin-like neurotoxins has been reported for several strains (Khan et al 1997, Ono et al 2000, Haque & Onoue 2002, and there is evidence that an association with bacteria is required for toxicity (CarrasqueroVerde 1999).…”

Antioxidant responses and lipid peroxidation in gills and erythrocytes of fish (Rhabdosarga sarba) upon exposure to Chattonella marina and hydrogen peroxide: Implications on the cause of fish kills

“…Several hypotheses have been proposed, including gill damage and hence impairment of oxygen transfer (Matsusato & Kobayashi, 1974;Sakai et al, 1986;Endo et al, 1988;Ishimatsu et al, 1990Ishimatsu et al, , 1991Ishimatsu et al, , 1996aIshimatsu et al, , 1996bTsuchiyama et al, 1992;Oda et al, 1995Oda et al, , 1997Oda et al, , 1998, production of neurotoxins (Onoue & Nozawa, 1989;Endo et al, 1992;Khan et al, 1996 b; and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (Nichols et al, 1987;Suzuki & Matsuyama, 1995), as well as generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by Chattonella spp. (Shimada et al, 1991(Shimada et al, , 1993Oda et al, 1992aOda et al, , 1992bOda et al, , 1994Oda et al, , 1995Oda et al, , 1997Kim et al, 1999a).…”

Mode of action of an antialgal agent produced by a marine gammaproteobacterium against Chattonella marina

“…Since PG-L-1 showed cytostatic activity against Chattonella marina, the cytotoxic mechanism of action of PG-L-1 against this raphidophyte may be different from that of mammalian cells. Oda et al 1998 showed that Chattonella. marina produced ROS such as superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals under normal growth conditions without specific triggers or stimuli.…”