Leçons sur les phénomènes de la vie communs aux animaux et aux végétaux /

Bernard, Claude

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.103133

Cited by 150 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…In the 19 th century, Claude Bernard articulated the need to maintain a stable internal environment - milieu interieur - that would allow biological processes to proceed despite variations in the external environment (Bernard, 1878). Bernard’s concept was further explored, developed, and popularized by Walter Cannon, who coined the term “homeostasis” in describing how key physiological variables are maintained within a predefined range by feedback mechanisms (Cannon, 1929).…”

Section: Homeostatic Variables and Control Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Disease Susceptibility

Kotas

Medzhitov

2015

Cell

959

695

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While modernization has dramatically increased lifespan, it has also witnessed the increasing prevalence of diseases such as obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Such chronic, acquired diseases result when normal physiologic control goes awry and may thus be viewed as failures of homeostasis. However, while nearly every process in human physiology relies on homeostatic mechanisms for stability, only some have demonstrated vulnerability to dysregulation. Additionally, chronic inflammation is a common accomplice of the diseases of homeostasis, yet the basis for this connection is not fully understood. Here we review the design of homeostatic systems and discuss universal features of control circuits that operate at the cellular, tissue and organismal levels. We suggest a framework for classification of homeostatic signals that is based on different classes of homeostatic variables they report on. Finally, we discuss how adaptability of homeostatic systems with adjustable set points creates vulnerability to dysregulation and disease. This framework highlights the fundamental parallels between homeostatic and inflammatory control mechanisms and provides a new perspective on the physiological origin of inflammation.

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Section: Homeostatic Variables and Control Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Disease Susceptibility

Kotas

Medzhitov

2015

Cell

959

695

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“…All bodily cells and tissues including the myocardium live in an internal environment, the milieu intérieur, a concept expounded in his posthumously published work “Leçons sur les phénomènes de la vie communs aux animaux et aux végétaux” [6], by the prodigious French physiologist Claude Bernard (1813–78), who also invented cardiac catheterization [1]. Conrad Waddington [7], the professor of animal genetics at the University of Edinburgh, defined epigenetics as “the interactions of genes with their environment which bring the phenotype (from Greek phainein , ‘to show’ + typos , ‘type,’ the composite of an organism’s characteristics, such as its morphology, biochemical, and physiological properties) into being.”…”

Section: Epigenetic Forces Serve As a Bridge Between Genotype And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanotransduction Mechanisms for Intraventricular Diastolic Vortex Forces and Myocardial Deformations: Part 1

Pasipoularides

2015

J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res.

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Epigenetic mechanisms are fundamental in cardiac adaptations, remodeling, reverse remodeling, and disease. This 2-article series proposes that variable forces associated with diastolic RV/LV rotatory intraventricular flows can exert physiologically and clinically important, albeit still unappreciated, epigenetic actions influencing functional and morphological cardiac adaptations and/or maladaptations. Taken in-toto, the 2-part survey formulates a new paradigm in which intraventricular diastolic filling vortex-associated forces play a fundamental epigenetic role, and examines how heart cells react to these forces. The objective is to provide a perspective on vortical epigenetic effects, to introduce emerging ideas and suggest directions of multidisciplinary translational research. The main goal is to make pertinent biophysics and cytomechanical dynamic systems concepts accessible to interested translational and clinical cardiologists. I recognize that the diversity of the epigenetic problems can give rise to a diversity of approaches and multifaceted specialized research undertakings. Specificity may dominate the picture. However, I take a contrasting approach. Are there concepts that are central enough that they should be developed in some detail? Broadness competes with specificity. Would however this viewpoint allow for a more encompassing view that may otherwise be lost by generation of fragmented results? Part 1 serves as a general introduction, focusing on background concepts, on intracardiac vortex imaging methods, and on diastolic filling vortex-associated forces acting epigenetically on RV/LV endocardium and myocardium. Part 2 will describe pertinent available pluridisciplinary knowledge/research relating to mechanotransduction mechanisms for intraventricular diastolic vortex forces and myocardial deformations and to their epigenetic actions on myocardial and ventricular function and adaptations.

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“…Anochinas (AHOXMH 1968) praplété dominantes s^vok^ ñziologiniu aspektu, centrinés nervij sistemos funkcionalumui priskyré aferentinius procesus (paslépta dominante), kurie pasireiskia viso organizmo, kaip sistemos, adaptaciniais procesáis. íyxTOMCKMíí 1923;AHOXMH 1968) Superkompensacijc» dèsnis (Weigert 1896;THnneHpeÜTep 1961) Adaptacijos dèsnis (Bernard 1878;MeepcoH 1973) …”

Section: Kognityviniai Gebèjimai -Minciij Generavimas -Motoriniai Jgùunclassified

Kūno kultūros ir sporto mokslo plėtros aktualumas tarpdalykinių komunikacijų kontekste

Dadelo

2013

Coactivity: Philosophy, Communication

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Kûno kultüros ir sporto mokslo formavlmasis vyko sprendziant skirtingus uzdavinius, kurie istorinéje raidoje sistemingai transformavosi ir keitési. Vyko daugybés mokslij sricii} bei krypciij bendrinimo ir komunikacijq procesai. Vykstant tarpdalykinéms komunikacijoms, tçsési kûno kultüros ir sporto mokslo transformacijos, sintezuojant socialinius, biomedicininius, humanitarinius, fizikinius, technologinius ir kitus mokslus, jvairiai juos derinant, skatinant fundamentiniij ziniij kaupim^ ir sisteminim^. Kûno kultüros ir sporto mokslas turéti} padéti sprçsti uzdavinius, susijusius su asmenybés, kaip socialinés-biologinés savireguliacinés sistemos, funkcionavimu, ugdymu ir rekreacija, padéti kurti aplink^, skatinanci^ kûrybingum §, visuomenés sveikatingumo plétr^ ir sveikatos korekcij^. Atlikta kûno kultüros ir sporto mokslo pagrindij, kaip tarpdalykinii} komunikacijq, analizé susistemino pagrindinius kûno kultüros ir sporto, kaip savarankiáko mokslo, fundamentalius désnius (dominantes, superkompensacijos, adaptacijos). Siij désnii} taikymas kûno kultüros ir sporto mokslo tarpdalykinii} komunikacijy procese reikalauja platesniij tyrim^ taikant jvairias mokslinés metodikas.Reikiminiai zodziai: kûno kultüros ir sporto mokslas, tarpdalykinés komunikacijos.

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Leçons sur les phénomènes de la vie communs aux animaux et aux végétaux /

Cited by 150 publications

References 0 publications

Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Disease Susceptibility

Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Disease Susceptibility

Mechanotransduction Mechanisms for Intraventricular Diastolic Vortex Forces and Myocardial Deformations: Part 1

Kūno kultūros ir sporto mokslo plėtros aktualumas tarpdalykinių komunikacijų kontekste

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