Learning to Solve Challenging Percentage-Change Problems: A Cross-Cultural Study From a Cognitive Load Perspective

Ngu, Bing H.; Yeung, Alexander Seeshing; Phan, Huy P.; Hong, Kian Sam; Usop, Hasbee

doi:10.1080/00220973.2017.1347774

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Depending on the nature of the context, a person may experience different types of attributes when he/she achieves optimal functioning. From an educational perspective, optimal functioning in an academic subject may reflect different learning experiences: a student’s ability to continuously perform and achieve outstanding results in Year-8 mathematics and receiving an “A” grade at the end of the school term (Phan et al, 2017), or a student’s seeking of mastery to know the different pedagogical approaches that could enable in-depth understanding of a topical theme (i.e., ability to solve challenging transfer percentage problems) (Ngu et al, 2018). At the same time, aside from mastery and performance-based accomplishments, optimal functioning may indicate a student’s heightened state of motivation (e.g., intrinsic) to persist with his/her studies (Church et al, 2001; Elliot and Murayama, 2008).…”

Section: Optimal Functioning: An Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization: In-Depth Examination and Proposition

2019

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One notable concept that is of interest is a person’s state of optimal functioning . Achieving optimal functioning (e.g., subjective well-being at school), aside from personal autonomy, requires some form of “optimization.” Optimization , we argue, is more than just an “enhancement,” a “predictive effect,” and/or a “causal flow” between an independent variable (IV) and a dependent variable (DV). We note from existing literature that optimization has often been referred to without a clear, definitive explanation of what this term actually entails. At the same time, we acknowledge that unlike other areas of development (e.g., engagement), no theoretical article is available to explain the concept of optimization. This article considers a number of theoretical tenets for advancement: (1) the tenet of three major criteria that could assist in the explanation, assessment, and measurement of optimization, (2) the tenet of the development of a methodological conceptualization that could measure and assess optimization, and (3) the tenet of the “quantification” of optimization, and in particular, a proposed index of optimization and a corresponding scientific notation of “ γ ”, which we coin as an “optimizing effect.” Overall, we contend that this examination is insightful and holistic, seeking clarity into an important topical theme in psychology.

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Section: Optimal Functioning: An Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization: In-Depth Examination and Proposition

2019

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“…the activation and enactment of different types of educational (e.g., an appropriate instructional design: Ngu et al, 2018), psychological (e.g., belief of personal efficacy: Bandura, 1997), and/or psychosocial (e.g., the impact of the home environment: McCartney et al, 2007) agencies. For example, the activation and enactment of self-efficacy (Bandura, 1997) would act to energize specific cognitive processes (e.g., the buoyancy of effort expenditure) and, in turn, helping to optimize a student's academic learning experience in a subject matter (Phan et al, 2019a.…”

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confidence: 99%

Introducing the Concept of Consonance-Disconsonance of Best Practice: A Focus on the Development of ‘Student Profiling’

Phan

Ngu

2021

Front. Psychol.

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The present study, using a non-experimental approach, investigated a theoretical concept of best practice, which we recently introduced – namely: a ‘state of consonance’ and a ‘state of disconsonance’ of best practice. Consonance of best practice posits that different levels of best practice (e.g., low level of best practice versus optimal level of best practice), as well as other comparable psychological constructs (e.g., motivation towards learning) would cluster or ‘group’ together. Disconsonance of best practice, in contrast, would indicate non-overlapping of contrasting levels of best practice (i.e., low level of best practice versus optimal level of best practice). Taiwanese undergraduates (N = 831) from five private universities in Taipei City and New Taipei City, Taiwan took part in the study by responding to a suite of Likert-scale questionnaires (e.g., Best Practice Questionnaires, Motivation towards Learning Questionnaire), which took approximately 30–35 min to complete. Cluster analysis, commonly known as ClA, was used to analyze the data and seek theoretical understanding into the nature of the consonance of best practice. Results, overall, showed support for our proposition, resulting in four distinct profiles: ‘a Balanced Profile,’ ‘an Intrinsic Motivation Profile,’ ‘a Current Best Practice + Interest Profile,’ and ‘a Current Best Practice + Motivation Profile.’ This evidence, helping to advance further research development, has a number of practical implications for consideration. For example, how could we use the Balanced Profile to develop learning objectives and/or pedagogical practices that would encourage students to enjoy their learning experiences?

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“…A perceived sense of autonomy is paramount as it relates to the student's willingness to seek answers that could account for his/her experience of L 1 . Guidance via means of appropriate instructions ( Ngu et al., 2018 ; Ngu et al., 2014 ) and/or encouraging feedback, in this instance, would be sufficed to initiate the student's intention to seek understanding to the cause of his/her negativity. Aside from personal guidance, it is also a plausibility to consider the use of direct explanation to help elucidate the nature of L 1 .…”

Section: Conceptualization Of the Paradigm Of ‘Holistic Psychology’mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing ‘holistic psychology’ for life qualities: A theoretical model for consideration

Phan

Ngu

White

2021

Heliyon

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Learning to Solve Challenging Percentage-Change Problems: A Cross-Cultural Study From a Cognitive Load Perspective

Cited by 17 publications

References 59 publications

Optimization: In-Depth Examination and Proposition

Optimization: In-Depth Examination and Proposition

Introducing the Concept of Consonance-Disconsonance of Best Practice: A Focus on the Development of ‘Student Profiling’

Introducing ‘holistic psychology’ for life qualities: A theoretical model for consideration

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