Learning Through a Sets-Based Module to Improve Students’ Learning Outcomes and Critical Thinking Skills

Abstract

Good learning outcomes and critical thinking skills are important aspects that students must have. Several studies have shown that students have poor learning outcomes and critical thinking skills. Therefore it is necessary to improve the learning system using learning modules based on Science, Environment, Technology, and Society (SETS). This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the SETS-based Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on improving student learning outcomes and critical thinking skills in the Human Excretion System material. This research was conducted using an experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research subjects consisted of 128 students who were grouped into experimental and control groups where each group consisted of 64 students. The experimental group got SETS based Problem Based Learning (PBL) model, while the control group used a conventional learning model using textbooks. The parameters measured are learning outcomes and critical thinking skills. Data collection was carried out through the pretest and posttest. Improved learning outcomes and critical thinking skills were analyzed using the normalized gain (n-gain) calculation. Two difference test means with an independent test sample t-test were used to test the difference in the improvement of learning outcomes and critical thinking skills between the two groups. The results showed a significant difference in the improvement of learning outcomes and critical thinking skills between the two groups. The application of the SETS-based Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model has a significant effect on improving student learning outcomes and critical thinking skills on the excretion system material.

An Analysis of HOTS Level Questions on the Indonesian Objective Tests

“…It measures the skill of finding links from a variety of different information. Moreover, It is the skill to think about objects, contents, or problems thought by the thinker in improving the quality of his thinking by skillfully taking the structural content inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual standards on them (Muhibbuddin et al, 2023). So, to solve these questions, students must use the ability to think critically in making decisions because the alternative answers are all following the context of the stimulus presented.…”