Learning Set Formation in Common Tree Shrews (Tupaia glis)

Ohta, Hiroyuki; Matsutani, Shinji; Ishida, Hidemi; Matano, Shozo

doi:10.1159/000156213

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…The indices of extra cortical parts, designated ECIs, are indicative of the size of parts of the cerebral cortex that are associated with advanced functions, and hence are indicative of the degree of cortical expan sion. The ECIs have been shown to be closely related to learning ability or intelligence, as estimated from behavioral studies in several species of primates [Rid dell et al, 1976;Riddell and Corl, 1977;Riddell, 1979;Ohta et al, 1984Ohta et al, , 1985. Arguing against Jenson's hy pothesis of extra neurons, Holloway [1966Holloway [ , 1974 has pointed out that reorganization of the brain, rather than the addition of extra neurons, is essential during the evolution of primates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations of Cerebral Indices for 'Extra' Cortical Parts and Ecological Variables in Primates

Sawaguchi¹

1988

Brain Behav Evol

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Correlations between cerebral indices for ''extra'' cortical parts associated with advanced functions (Jerson''s extra neurons, Nc; Hofman''s extra cortical volume, Ve, and Hofman''s extra cortical surface, Se) and ecological variables, namely troop size (TS), size of home range of one troop (HRt), and size of home range per individual (HRi) were examined in 12 species of prosimians, 8 species of New World monkeys, and 27 species of Old World monkeys. All three of the cerebral indices, Nc, Ve, and Se were, among the ecological variables examined, positively and most closely correlated with TS in the prosimians, with HRt in the New World monkeys, and with HRi in the Old World monkeys. These results suggest that the cerebral cortex may have expanded in relation to growth of TS for prosimians, in relation to expansion of HRt for New World monkeys, and in relation to expansion of HRi for Old World monkeys. It is, therefore, possible that the cerebral cortex may have expanded in conjunction with changes in different ecological factors in different taxonomic groups of primates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations of Cerebral Indices for 'Extra' Cortical Parts and Ecological Variables in Primates

Sawaguchi¹

1988

Brain Behav Evol

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Hidemi Ishida: 40 Years of Footprints in Japanese Primatology and Paleoanthropology

Nakatsukasa

Nakano

Kunimatsu

et al.

Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects

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Recognition memory in tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) after repeated familiarization sessions

Khani¹,

Rainer

2012

Behavioural Processes

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Recognition memories are formed during perceptual experience and allow subsequent recognition of previously encountered objects as well as their distinction from novel objects. As a consequence, novel objects are generally explored longer than familiar objects by many species. This novelty preference has been documented in rodents using the novel object recognition (NOR) test, as well is in primates including humans using preferential looking time paradigms. Here, we examine novelty preference using the NOR task in tree shrew, a small animal species that is considered to be an intermediary between rodents and primates. Our paradigm consisted of three phases: arena familiarization, object familiarization sessions with two identical objects in the arena and finally a test session following a 24-h retention period with a familiar and a novel object in the arena. We employed two different object familiarization durations: one and three sessions on consecutive days. After three object familiarization sessions, tree shrews exhibited robust preference for novel objects on the test day. This was accompanied by significant reduction in familiar object exploration time, occurring largely between the first and second day of object familiarization. By contrast, tree shrews did not show a significant preference for the novel object after a one-session object familiarization. Nonetheless, they spent significantly less time exploring the familiar object on the test day compared to the object familiarization day, indicating that they did maintain a memory trace for the familiar object. Our study revealed different time courses for familiar object habituation and emergence of novelty preference, suggesting that novelty preference is dependent on well-consolidated memory of the competing familiar object. Taken together, our results demonstrate robust novelty preference of tree shrews, in general similarity to previous findings in rodents and primates.

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Learning Set Formation in Common Tree Shrews (Tupaia glis)

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Correlations of Cerebral Indices for 'Extra' Cortical Parts and Ecological Variables in Primates

Correlations of Cerebral Indices for 'Extra' Cortical Parts and Ecological Variables in Primates

Hidemi Ishida: 40 Years of Footprints in Japanese Primatology and Paleoanthropology

Recognition memory in tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) after repeated familiarization sessions

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