“…This is important for smart home and vehicle environments, speech interaction and telecommunication systems, and has relevance to audiobased security monitoring, ambient event detection and auditory scene analysis. Sound event detection research has traditionally been driven by techniques developed for speech recognition, including Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), perceptual linear prediction (PLPs) with Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) and hidden Markov models (HMMs) [1,2,3,4,5]. However these features and methods have more recently been surpassed by spectrogram-based techniques [6,7], especially for the classification of noise-corrupted sounds.…”