Learning functions in short-term cocaine users

Kumar, Danusha Selva; Benedict, Elysia; Wu, Olivia; Rubin, Eric; Gluck, Mark A.; Foltin, Richard W.; Myers, Catherine E.; Vadhan, Nehal P.

doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100169

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(30 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The hippocampus is the key structure responsible for mnemonic functions including procedural memory, a type of memory necessary for motor sequence learning ( [31][32][33], but see also [34,35]), and myelin plays a role in this functional event as it allows for rapid propagation of action potentials through axons. Since difficulties were demonstrated in learning and psychomotor functions even in short-term cocaine users [36], cocaine-induced hippocampal oligodendrocyte abnormalities can contribute to the cognitive, motor, and psychological deficits that often afflict cocaine abusers. It should also be underlined that the hippocampus is linked to depressive behaviors (which appear during cocaine abstinence), and oligodendrocytes are also able to secrete neurotrophic factors in response to surrounding neurons [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine Administration and Its Abstinence Conditions Modulate Neuroglia

Gawlińska

Frankowska

Gawliński

et al. 2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocaine induces neuronal changes as well as non-neuronal (astrocytes, microglia, oligodendroglia) mechanisms, but these changes can also be modulated by various types of drug abstinence. Due to the very complex and still incompletely understood nature of cocaine use disorder, understanding of the mechanisms involved in addictive behavior is necessary to further search for effective pharmacotherapy of this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate changes at the gene and protein levels associated with glial cell activity after cocaine exposure, as well as during early cocaine abstinence (3 days) with extinction training or in home cage isolation. Cocaine self-administration significantly decreased myelin regulatory factor (MYRF) and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CNP) expression in the hippocampus as well as pleckstrin (PLEK) and T-lymphocyte activation antigen (CD86) in the rat striatum. Depending on cocaine abstinence conditions, microglial PLEK expression was increased through extinction training but did not change in the home cage isolation. In addition, downregulation of gene expression associated with oligodendrocytes (CNP, MYRF) and microglia regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) was observed in the hippocampus, regardless of the type of drug abstinence, while downregulation of myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL) expression was found only in rats exposed to abstinence in the home cage. Taken together, the presented results strongly suggest that cocaine abstinence evokes significant changes in gene expression associated with the proper functioning of glial cells, suggesting their significant involvement in adaptive changes in the brain associated with cocaine exposure. Interestingly, drug abstinence conditions are important factors influencing observed changes at the transcript levels of selected genes, which may be of clinical interest.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine Administration and Its Abstinence Conditions Modulate Neuroglia

Gawlińska

Frankowska

Gawliński

et al. 2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, it seems that first time cocaine use may give users a sense of enhanced awareness, while cognitive performance is diminished. Cocaine abuse is a public health challenge for which we are still seeking more effective treatments [9, 10]. Additionally, patients relapse in greater numbers increasing the social and economic cost of this disease and the burden on medical and welfare systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine receptor antagonists effects on low-dimensional attractors of local field potentials in optogenetic mice

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of acute cocaine injection or dopamine (DA) receptor antagonists on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) gamma oscillations and their relationship to short term neuroadaptation that may mediate addiction. For this purpose, optogenetically evoked local field potentials (LFPs) in response to a brief 10 ms laser light pulse were recorded from 17 mice. D1-like receptor antagonist SCH 23390 or D2-like receptor antagonist sulpiride, or both, were administered either before or after cocaine. A Euclidian distance-based dendrogram classifier separated the 100 trials for each animal in disjoint clusters. When baseline and DA receptor antagonists trials were combined in a single trial, a minimum of 20% overlap occurred in some dendrogram clusters, which suggests a possible common, invariant, dynamic mechanism shared by both baseline and DA receptor antagonists data. The delay-embedding method of neural activity reconstruction was performed using the correlation time and mutual information to determine the lag/correlation time of LFPs and false nearest neighbors to determine the embedding dimension. We found that DA receptor antagonists applied before cocaine cancels out the effect of cocaine and leaves the lag time distributions at baseline values. On the other hand, cocaine applied after DA receptor antagonists shifts the lag time distributions to longer durations, i.e. increase the correlation time of LFPs. Fourier analysis showed that a reasonable accurate decomposition of the LFP data can be obtained with a relatively small (less than ten) Fourier coefficients.

show abstract

“…In addition, altered DA functioning can underlie the cognitive sequelae demonstrated across an array of psychiatric and neurological conditions (Beaulieu & Gainetdinov, 2011), which may impact learning. For example, cocaine use has been associated with impaired learning (Kumar et al, 2019), and CUD has been associated with lower cognitive functioning (Bolla et al, 1999). Lower performance on cognitive measures has predicted poor treatment retention (Aharonovich et al, 2006) and smaller reductions in cocaine use (Aharonovich et al, 2003) among individuals enrolled in skills-based treatment programs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed amphetamine salts–extended release (MAS-ER) as a behavioral treatment augmentation strategy for cocaine use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.

Carpenter,

Choi,

Basaraba

et al. 2024

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Psychosocial interventions remain the primary strategy for addressing cocaine use disorder (CUD), although many individuals do not benefit from these approaches. Amphetamine-based interventions have shown significant promise and may improve outcomes among individuals continuing to use cocaine in the context of behavioral interventions. One hundred forty-five adults (122 males) who used cocaine a minimum of 4 days in the prior month and met the criteria for a CUD enrolled in a two-stage intervention. All participants received a computer-delivered skills intervention and contingency management for reinforcing abstinence for a 1-month period. Participants demonstrating less than 3 weeks of abstinence in the first month were randomized to receive mixed amphetamine salts–extended release (MAS-ER) or placebo (80 mg/day) for 10 weeks under double-blind conditions. All participants continued with the behavioral intervention. The primary outcome was the proportion of individuals who achieved 3 consecutive weeks of abstinence as measured by urine toxicology confirmed self-report at the study end. The proportion of participants demonstrating 3 consecutive weeks of abstinence at study end did not differ between the medication groups: MAS-ER = 15.6% (7/45) and placebo = 12.2% (5/41). Participants who received MAS-ER reported greater reductions in the magnitude of wanting cocaine, although no group differences were noted in either the perceived improvement or the frequency of wanting cocaine. Retention rates were greater for both medication groups compared to behavioral responders. Overall, augmenting a behavioral intervention with MAS-ER did not significantly increase the abstinence rate among individuals continuing to use cocaine following a month of behavioral therapy alone.

show abstract

Learning functions in short-term cocaine users

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Cocaine Administration and Its Abstinence Conditions Modulate Neuroglia

Cocaine Administration and Its Abstinence Conditions Modulate Neuroglia

Dopamine receptor antagonists effects on low-dimensional attractors of local field potentials in optogenetic mice

Mixed amphetamine salts–extended release (MAS-ER) as a behavioral treatment augmentation strategy for cocaine use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About