The authors' contributions in the paper above are as follows:-1st Author : Concept formulation, literature review, design and implementation of algorithms and preparing and editing the write-up.-2nd and 3rd Authors : Concept improvement, providing advice, highlighting important considerations with respect to methods and techniques, and proof-reading manuscripts.I would like to express profound gratitude to my supervisors, that is, Prof. Serestina Viriri and Dr Mandlenkosi Gwetu, for their invaluable counsel, guidance and feedback during the work related to this dissertation. I would also like to extend heartfelt gratitude to several academics for their motivation and advice during my research. Last but not least I would like to thank my family for their continued support every step of the way. v 2.5D Two and a Half Dimensional. 5