Learning Equipment for the Flammability Limits of Liquefied Petroleum Gas

Abstract

Problem statement: This article was developing learning equipment for flammability limit behavior which designed for study the relation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and combustion. The equipment can be use as an instructional media for obviously experiment of combustion. Approach: The test chamber was designed by using the stainless as a structure. The mirror with safety film was used for safety purpose to the tester. The mirror was the additional equipment for the ignition vision. The size of test chamber was 40×25×20 cm. The top of chamber can be opened when the ignition was occurred to reduce the inner pressure that can break the mirror or can be a cause of damage to other parts. The 2 of stainless plates with the size of 15×40 cm. were used and the hinges were attached at the upper edges of the chamber from both sides. The metal was closely attached at the chamber edge to reduce the leak of fuel to outer environment. The bottom structure of the chamber installs the control mainboard of electronics system and motor. The control of heat gain system inside the heat chamber. Results: The test chamber is designed to demonstrate the ignition. So, the size has to be suitably designed and large enough for convenience in monitoring. It can be seen that when the test is conducted in a real system, the result is extremely differed from the theory. The reason is the experimentation by the theory using the cup burner or a cylindrical glass cup. This cup has an outside diameter of 28 mm. and around the cup tunnel has an inside diameter of 8.5 or 9.5 cm with 53.5 cm. of height. The ratios of both testing equipments are extremely differed, so there is an opportunity that the accuracy is highly shifted. Conclusion: The test chamber shows that the flammability limit of LPG vary with temperature and can be compare with burgess-wheeler law. This law mentioned "LFL and UFL is relative with the chemical in Paraffin Hydrocarbon (Alkane) Group in any increasing of temperature" In addition, there are many flammability and backfire theory which interesting for experiment.

Bi-fuel System - Gasoline/LPG in A Used 4-Stroke Motorcycle - Fuel Injection Type

“…To be combustible, LPG must be in between 1.5% and 9.6% of the total LPG/air mixture. That is, the lower flammable limit (LFL) and the upper flammable limit (UFL) of LPG [8] is 1.5 and 9.6%. LPG is water insoluble; LPG does not pollute underground water sources.…”