“…In addition, this study compares multiple cohorts, which yields insight in continuity and change of strategy use with the constant evolvement of course design. Secondly, the few studies that have been comparing self-reports and online trace data so far dealt with relatively small sample sizes (Cho & Yoo, 2017;Guerra et al, 2016;Hadwin et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2018) or did not measure the full range of self-motivational beliefs and strategies with self-reports (Hadwin et al, 2007;Cho & Yoo, 2017). As a result, there is no clarity, yet, on the relevance and actionability of online trace data in comparison to inventories on motivation, strategy use, and self-regulation.…”