Lean and Rich Premixed Compression Ignition Combustion in a Light-Duty Diesel Engine

Jacobs, Timothy J.; Bohac, Stanislav V.; Assanis, Dennis N.; Szymkowicz, Patrick G.

doi:10.4271/2005-01-0166

Cited by 85 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Specifications of the test engine are given in Table 1. The compression ratio of the engine was lowered from the stock engine configuration to enable LTC over a larger range of operation as described in Jacobs et al (2005). Load and speed were controlled by a direct current dynamometer and the engine was equipped with a programmable electronic control unit (ECU) to allow management of parameters like EGR, fuel injection timing, injection pressure and duration.…”

Section: Test Engine and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Real-time combustion monitoring was accomplished using a Redline CAS II data acquisition system manufactured by A&D Technology Inc. with Kistler 6041A piezo-electronic pressure transducers. Pressure data from cylinder number one were processed realtime by the internal combustion analysis software provided (Jacobs et al 2005). in the high speed system to determine combustion phasing information. Fuels tested included U.S. specification ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD), 100% soy-based fatty acid methyl ester biodiesel (B100) and 50% by volume blend of ULSD mixed with biodiesel (B50).…”

Section: Test Engine and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Condensational Growth of Particulate Matter from Partially Premixed Low Temperature Combustion of Biodiesel in a Compression Ignition Engine

Northrop

Madathil

Bohac

et al. 2011

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Condensational growth is not typically assumed to be significant compared with adsorption for conversion of unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust of diesel engines to the particulate phase. However, when partially premixed low temperature combustion (LTC) modes designed to simultaneously reduce soot and NO X emissions are implemented, unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) concentrations in the exhaust are an order of magnitude higher than for conventional combustion modes, increasing the likelihood of gas to particle conversion by condensation. In this work, two LTC operating conditions are compared with conventional diesel combustion using a multi-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine using low-sulfur fuel, a soy-based biodiesel and a 50% by volume biodiesel blend. Gaseous emissions of unburned hydrocarbons were measured and particulate samples were taken using a partial-flow dilution tunnel. Gravimetric analysis of the collected filters, Soxhlet extraction of particulate and speciation using GC-FID was performed for all operating conditions. Elemental carbon (EC) emissions were measured using a thermal optical analyzer and particle size distribution was analyzed using a differential mobility spectrometer. For increasing biodiesel concentration in the fuel, mass emissions of both EC and UHC decreased for all combustion modes compared with petroleum diesel. However, for biodiesel use in LTC modes of operation, particulate mass significantly increased following exhaust dilution. Low vapor pressure methyl esters found in the exhaust of biodiesel LTC increases heterogeneous condensation onto soot particles in the exhaust compared with unburned species from petroleum diesel fuel operation. A model estimating this condensation mechanism accurately predicts the exper-

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Section: Test Engine and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Test Engine and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensational Growth of Particulate Matter from Partially Premixed Low Temperature Combustion of Biodiesel in a Compression Ignition Engine

Northrop

Madathil

Bohac

et al. 2011

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Plenty of studies [1][2][3][4] have demonstrated that the Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI) combustion strategy can be a practical solution to meet the increasingly stringent emission regulations due to its potential for suppressing the formation of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and soot simultaneously. Premixed combustion with a long ignition delay allows sufficient time for the formation of a uniform mixture before the start of combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Investigation into Diesel PCCI Combustion with Optimized Fuel Injection

et al. 2011

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A multi-pulse injection strategy for premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion was investigated in a four-valve, direct-injection diesel engine by a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation using KIVA-3V code coupled with detailed chemistry. The effects of fuel splitting proportion, injection timing, spray angles, and injection velocity were examined. The mixing process and formation of soot and nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions were investigated as the focus of the research. The results show that the fuel splitting proportion and the injection timing impacted the combustion and emissions significantly due to the considerable changes of the mixing process and fuel distribution in the cylinder. While the spray, inclusion angle and injection velocity at the injector exit, can be adjusted to improve mixing, combustion and emissions, appropriate injection timing and fuel splitting proportion must be jointly considered for optimum combustion performance.Keywords: diesel combustion; KIVA-3V; split injection; premixed charge compression ignition; emissions Acronyms: ATDC = after top dead centre; CO = carbon monoxide; EGR = exhaust gas recirculation; EVC = exhaust valve close; EVO = exhaust valve opening; HCCI = homogeneous charge compression ignition; HC = hydrocarbon; HRR = heat release rate; HSDI = high speed direct injection; HTHR = high temperature heat release; ISFC = indicated specific fuel consumption; IVC = intake valve close; IVO = intake valve OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2011, 4 518 opening; LTC = low temperature combustion; NO x = nitrogen oxides; PCCI = premixed charge compression ignition; PRR = pressure rise rate; TDC = top dead centre; TSC = two-stage combustion; UHC = unburned hydrocarbon

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“…One approach to reduce the emissions in a diesel engine is PCCI which has been studied over the past years by many researchers using engine experiments [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] and simulation studies [68][69][70][71]. The basic idea of PCCI is to enhance mixing and evaporation by an early fuel injection in the compression cycle before TDC.…”

Section: Low Temperature Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%