Leakage Phenomena in Planar Arrays

Abstract

Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

Complex modes in negative-refractive-index fibers

“…Since for backwards waves the Poynting vector and the wave vector point in opposite directions, we expect that the energy flux of the modes will also have opposite signs [1]. The total power flux through the core and cladding regions of the waveguide are calculated as, (22) core core z clad clad z P S dxdy P S dxdy = = ∫∫ ∫∫ ， For both modes we find that the power flux inside the core is opposite to that in the cladding. However, on calculating the normalized energy flux defined as P = (Pcore+Pclad)/(|Pcore|+|Pclad|) [33], we can find that the energy flux distribution for the complex waves guided along the fiber is rather unusual.…”

“…The graphical solutions of the real modes were reported in [20], but the evanescent surface mode was missed. The grounded dielectric slab also supports complex modes even for lossless media [21,22]. P. Baccarelli and his colleagues proposed the concept of surface wave suppression, which ensures the absence of both ordinary and evanescent surface modes.…”

Fundamental guided electromagnetic dispersion characteristics in lossless dispersive metamaterial clad circular air-hole waveguides

“…Studying extraordinary electromagnetic wave propagations along MTM waveguides is also a significant research field related to MTMs, as the wave guiding structure is fundamental and essential in various electromagnetic applications. The specific geometrical structures for MTM waveguides reported in previous literature include a single MTM slab [5][6][7][8], grounded MTM slab [9][10][11][12], multilayered or asymmetric MTM slab [13][14][15][16], air slab with MTM clad [17], MTM channel [18], MTM fiber [19][20][21][22][23], hollow fiber with MTM clad [24], plus many more. Some of the interesting novel phenomena that have rarely been encountered in conventional metallic or dielectric waveguides are backward waves [9,24], the simultaneous propagation of forward and backward waves [8,12,24], superslow waves [12,24], the suppression of specific guided modes [8,[10][11][12][13]16], and power circulation [8,9].…”

“…The specific geometrical structures for MTM waveguides reported in previous literature include a single MTM slab [5][6][7][8], grounded MTM slab [9][10][11][12], multilayered or asymmetric MTM slab [13][14][15][16], air slab with MTM clad [17], MTM channel [18], MTM fiber [19][20][21][22][23], hollow fiber with MTM clad [24], plus many more. Some of the interesting novel phenomena that have rarely been encountered in conventional metallic or dielectric waveguides are backward waves [9,24], the simultaneous propagation of forward and backward waves [8,12,24], superslow waves [12,24], the suppression of specific guided modes [8,[10][11][12][13]16], and power circulation [8,9]. Thus, innovative optoelectronic functional devices utilizing one or several of these properties in MTM waveguides (see, e.g., ref.…”