Leak-off behavior and water shut-off performance of a polymer/chromium (Cr3+) gel in fractured media

Li, Junjian; Xiong, Chao; Bai, Yingrui; Jiang, Ruobing; Fang, Wei; Zhang, Miao

doi:10.1007/s11771-017-3546-1

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…22,23 Subsequently, the polymer gel plugs the high permeability layers, significantly decreases the heterogeneity of the reservoir, and increases the sweep coefficient. 24 Conventional polymer gel systems for water shutoff are based on phenolic resin 5,[25][26][27] or chromium crosslinkers [28][29][30] that can be successfully applied to the low-temperature reservoirs (≤80 C) and salinities up to ≤50,000 mg/L. 4,31 Meanwhile, for high temperatures (>80 C) and high salinity reservoirs, polymer gels with enhanced thermomechanical stabilities are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanically robust and thermally enhanced sand‐polyacrylamide‐2D nanofiller composite hydrogels for water shutoff applications

Krishnan,

Almohsin,

Alsharaeh

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herein, we report a facile preparation method for mechanically robust and thermally enhanced sand‐polyacrylamide (PAM)‐2D‐nanofillers composite hydrogels and their application in water shutoff. To prepare the sample, 4 wt% of aqueous PAM solution is mixed with organic cross‐linkers of hydroquinone (HQ) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) in a 1:1 weight ratio and aqueous potassium chloride (KCl) solution and with a specific amount of 2D‐nanofillers such as commercial graphene (CG) nanosheets or boron nitride nanoparticles (BN NPs). A specific amount of the above solution is added to sand, well mixed, and subsequently cured at 150°C for 8 h. The prepared composite hydrogels were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) for chemical composition and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) for successful hydrogel coating onto the sand particles. Thermal stabilities of the samples have been evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Mechanical properties (storage modulus [G′]; loss modulus [G″]; gel strength (G′/G″); and damping factor [G″/G′]) of the samples were determined using dynamic mechanical analyses. The thermal stability of the samples has reached as high as 193.4°C, while the gel strength is found to be a maximum of 16.2. The water swelling ratio for the composite hydrogel has reached a maximum of 1100% within 1 h.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanically robust and thermally enhanced sand‐polyacrylamide‐2D nanofiller composite hydrogels for water shutoff applications

Krishnan,

Almohsin,

Alsharaeh

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Meanwhile, injection well treatments via polymer gel are applied to direct the flow of the injected fluid to the oil-containing rock that was bypassed in previous water-flooding operations; thus, additional oils can be recovered. Great success has been achieved in their applications [3][4][5]. However, under high-temperature and high-salinity (HTHS) conditions, these polymer gels are easily dehydrated, so their long-term stability is poor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the Methods to Develop Stable Polymer Gels for Water Management in Medium- and Ultra-High-Salinity Reservoirs

Ding

et al. 2023

Gels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer gels suffer from a serious syneresis issue when exposed to high-temperature and high-salinity (HTHS) conditions, which limits their use as water-treatment agents in this type of reservoir. In this paper, the effects of the polymer type/concentration, deoxidizers, and stabilizers on the long-term stability of polymer gels were systematically studied; thus, the methods to develop stable polymer gels for two typical levels of salinity were optimized. The results show the following: (1) For a medium-salinity condition (TDS: 33,645.0 mg/L) at 125 °C, conventional HPAM gels completely dehydrate within only 1 day, and the addition of a deoxidizer hardly improved their stability. Some special polymers, e.g., AP-P5, MKY, and CPAM, are able to form stable gels if a high concentration of 0.8% is used; the syneresis rate of these gels is about 10% after 30 days. However, the addition of the complexant sodium oxalate significantly improves the stability of gels formed by all five of these different polymers, which behave with a 0% syneresis rate after 30 days pass. Complexants are the most economical and feasible agents to develop stable gels in medium-salinity water. (2) Gels enhanced using the methods above all become unstable in a more challenging ultra-high-saline condition (TDS: 225,068.0 mg/L). In this case, special calcium- and magnesium-resistant polymers are required to prepare stable gels, which show 0% syneresis rates after 30 days, have relatively low strengths, but do produce a good plugging effect in high-permeability cores.

show abstract

Experimental study of low molecular weight polymer/nanoparticle dispersed gel for water plugging in fractures

Bai

Shang

Wang

et al. 2018

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Leak-off behavior and water shut-off performance of a polymer/chromium (Cr3+) gel in fractured media

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Mechanically robust and thermally enhanced sand‐polyacrylamide‐2D nanofiller composite hydrogels for water shutoff applications

Mechanically robust and thermally enhanced sand‐polyacrylamide‐2D nanofiller composite hydrogels for water shutoff applications

Optimization of the Methods to Develop Stable Polymer Gels for Water Management in Medium- and Ultra-High-Salinity Reservoirs

Experimental study of low molecular weight polymer/nanoparticle dispersed gel for water plugging in fractures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About