Leaf water relations and solute accumulation in two grain sorghum lines exhibiting contrasting drought tolerance

Premachandra, Gnanasiri S.; Hahn, Daniel T.; Rhodes, David; Joly, Robert

doi:10.1093/jxb/46.12.1833

Cited by 70 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…From a plant quality point of view, these results are relevant because field performance of conifer species has been positively related to shoot nitrogen [15,33] and non-structural carbohydrate concentration [19]. Soluble sugars play an important role in osmotic adjustment [9,18] and in dehydration tolerance [24] processes. Thus, the absence of differences among treatments in the shoot soluble sugar concentration is in accordance with the lack of osmotic adjustments and dehydration tolerance differences observed in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of water stress conditioning on the water relations, root growth capacity, and the nitrogen and non-structural carbohydrate concentration of Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine) seedlings

et al. 1999

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of water stress conditioning on the water relations, root growth capacity, and the nitrogen and non-structural carbohydrate concentration of Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine) seedlings

et al. 1999

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“…As turgor potential was enhanced by salinity or water stress, osmotic adjustment was maintained. There is substantial evidence that plants adjust to high salt concentrations or water stress by lowering tissue osmotic potentials by the accumulation of inorganic ions and/or organic substances to permit the maintenance of cell turgor (Cachorro et al 1995;Premachandra et al 1995). The former occurs in plants under salt stress, whereas under drought stress the latter is more significant (Torrecillas et al 1995).…”

Section: Leaf Water Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects of salinity and water stress on growth, leaf water relations, and gas exchange in amaranth(Amaranthusspp.)

Omami

Hammes²

2006

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 2006, Vol. 34: 33^4 0014- Abstract Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) is a promising vegetable species often grown under semiarid conditions prone to both drought and salinity. This study was initiated to evaluate the effects of water and salinity stresses, both individually and in combination, on plant growth/leaf water relations and gas exchange of two amaranth genotypesAmaranthus tricolor and A. cruentus. Plants were grown in a greenhouse in plastic pots filled with a sand/vermiculite mixture and exposed to 8 days of drought and/or salinity stress, a recovery period of 8 days, followed by a final 2 weeks of stress. The treatments consisted of: (1) unstressed control; (2) 100 mM Nad (salt stress); (3) PEG (polyethylene glycol M w 6000) iso-osmotic to 100 mMNaCl (water stress); and (4) 50 mM NaQ + PEG iso-osmotic to 50 mM NaCl (salt + water stress). Plant growth (leaf, stem, root dry mass, root: shoot ratio, leaf area) were reduced by stress treatments. The reduction in shoot growth was greater in plants subjected to PEG-induced water stress (41% in A. tricolor and 44% in A. cruentus) than in salinised plants (37% in A. tricolor and 27% in A. cruentus). Leaf water and osmotic potentials were reduced by stress treatments whereas turgor potential was largely maintained. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and water loss were reduced by all stress treatments. Photosynthetic water-use efficiency was increased by stress and was greater in salinised than in waterstressed plants. Salinised plants and those subjected to salt + water stress had a greater degree of osmotic adjustment, so that plants were able to continue growth for a longer period before drying, compared to water-stressed plants. Most parameters recovered when the stress treatments were discontinued. However, photosynthesis in salt-stressed plants did not recover indicating a toxic effect of salt on the photosynthetic apparatus. The combined effect of salt + water stress is less detrimental to plant growth than the sum of individual stresses.

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“…It appears that an increased P concentration in high-P plants induced some osmotic adjustments (OA) that would improve their drought tolerance relative to low-P plants. Increased OA in plant cells results in the maintenance of turgor pressure, protoplast volume in the cell and expansive growth, such as leaf expansion during a period of water stress (Hsiao, 1973 ;Morgan, 1984 ;Premachandra et al, 1995). The rate of leaf expansion over a short period could be considered as an indirect measurement of cell wall extensibility for the intact plants (Cramer & Bowman, 1991 ;Schuppler et al, 1998).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of proline and leaf expansion rate in the recovery of stressed white clover leaves with increased phosphorus concentration

et al. 2000

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Osmotic adjustment (OA) and increased cell-wall extensibility required for expansive leaf growth are well defined components of adaptation to water stress in dry soil, which might interact with soil phosphorus (P) concentration and defoliation frequency for intensively grazed white clover in legume-based pastures. Experiments were conducted with frequently and infrequently defoliated mini-swards of white clover growing in dry soil with low and high P concentrations. The higher yielding high-P plants were able to dry the soil to greater soil water suctions ; their leaves had lower water potential values, yet they showed fewer water stress symptoms and underwent a more complete recovery from the water stress symptoms on rewatering, than the low-P plants. High-P plants had greater OA, proline concentration and leaf expansion rate. On the other hand, low-P plants showed an increased osmotic concentration when there was no change in the total solute content per unit of leaf d. wt, indicating more loss of water from the leaf tissue. The key measures that appeared to be directly associated with plant recovery over a short period following water stress were increased proline concentration and leaf expansion rate, probably resulting from increased cell-wall extensibility rather than increased production of cells for the high-P plants.Key words : osmotic adjustment, leaf expansion rate, leaf water potential, phosphorus, white clover, proline, drought tolerance, plant recovery. The susceptibility to drought of the shallow-rooted white clover plant (Trifolium repens) is widely accepted (Hart, 1987). The decrease in osmotic potential of white clover leaves with developing water stress is reported to be insufficient to maintain pressure potential and associated metabolic activities and growth, and therefore leaves wilt and die early in the development of water stress (Turner, 1990). However, in recent studies it has been observed that an increased P supply to white clover plants growing in dry soil results in increased drought tolerance (Singh et al., 1997). Plants growing in low-P soil showed severe wilting symptoms with desiccation and drying of the leaves and stolons, and some *Author for correspondence (tel j61 8 9166 4000 ; fax j61 8 9166 4066 ; e-mail dsingh!agric.wa.gov.au). eventual mortality. These effects on low-P plants were exacerbated by frequent defoliation. However, frequently defoliated plants with adequate P supply showed minimum wilting symptoms ; they maintained higher leaf water potential (Ψ leaf ) and continued to grow in very dry soil, extracting considerably more water than the P-deficient plants. Importantly, rewatering resulted in an immediate, overnight recovery of stressed leaves for the high-P plants, but not for the low-P plants.It is not known why and how these high-P plants showed greater drought tolerance and recovery compared with low-P plants. It appears that an increased P concentration in high-P plants induced some osmotic adjustments (OA) that would improve their drought...

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Leaf water relations and solute accumulation in two grain sorghum lines exhibiting contrasting drought tolerance

Cited by 70 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of water stress conditioning on the water relations, root growth capacity, and the nitrogen and non-structural carbohydrate concentration of Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine) seedlings

Effect of water stress conditioning on the water relations, root growth capacity, and the nitrogen and non-structural carbohydrate concentration of Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine) seedlings

Interactive effects of salinity and water stress on growth, leaf water relations, and gas exchange in amaranth(Amaranthusspp.)

Role of proline and leaf expansion rate in the recovery of stressed white clover leaves with increased phosphorus concentration

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