Leaf Surface Wax Composition of Genetically Diverse Mulberry (&lt;i&gt;Morus&lt;/i&gt; sp.) Genotypes and its Close Association with Expression of Genes Involved in Wax Metabolism

Mamrutha, H. M.; Nataraja, K.; Rama, Nicolas; Kosma, Dylan K.; Mogili, T.; Lakshmi, K. Jhansi; Kumar, Manish; Jenks, M. A.

doi:10.18520/cs/v112/i04/759-766

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…There is increasing evidence to show that wax biosynthesis and its pathway genes are regulated at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational levels [26,100]. A wide range of abiotic factors like light, water, temperature, salinity etc., influence wax biosynthesis and deposition.…”

Section: Regulation Of Cuticular Wax Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Cuticular Wax, a Trait for Multiple Stress Resistance in Crop Plants

Dhanyalakshmi¹,

Soolanayakanahally²,

Rahman³

et al. 2019

Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Plants

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Cuticular waxes form the primary interface between a plant and its external environment. The most important function of this hydrophobic interface is regulation of non-stomatal water loss, gas exchange and conferring resistance to a wide range of biotic as well as abiotic stresses. The biosynthesis, transport and deposition of the cuticular waxes are tightly coordinated by complex molecular networks, which are also often regulated in response to various developmental, biotic as well as abiotic cues. Evidences from model as well as non-model systems suggest that targeted manipulation of the molecular regulators of wax biosynthetic pathways could enhance plant resistance to multiple stresses as well as enhance the post-harvest quality of produce. Under the current scenario of varying climatic conditions, where plants often encounter multiple stress conditions, cuticular waxes is an appropriate trait to be considered for crop improvement programs, as any attempt to improve cuticular traits would be advantageous to the crop to enhance its adaptability to diverse adverse conditions. This chapter briefs on the significance of cuticular waxes in plants, its biosynthesis, transport and deposition, its implication on plant resistance to adverse conditions, and the current options in targeted manipulation of wax-traits for breeding new crop types.Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Plants 2 vegetative and reproductive growth. Some of the abiotic stresses such as drought, high temperature and salinity can influence the occurrence and spread of biotic agents like pathogens, insects, and weeds [1]. In crops like tomato, cucurbits and rice, temperature is one of the most important deciding factors for the occurrence of bacterial diseases [2]. Temperature can also alter the incidence of vector-borne diseases by modifying spread of vectors.But, in their natural environment, plants face combination of stresses, especially under the changing climate scenario. The effect of stresses would be more pronounced under combined (biotic and abiotic) stresses [3], while simultaneous occurrence of abiotic and biotic stresses are more destructive to crop production [4]. Hence, there exists a need now, to look for common traits that can contribute for plant adaptation to such multifarious stressful conditions and sustain crop productivity as well. In this scenario, it is desirable to have a single trait that can confer tolerance to multiple (abiotic and biotic) stresses. Cuticular waxes, a major component of plant cuticle covering all the aerial parts of the plants, can be considered as an important trait for combined stress resistance. Cuticular waxes: a component of plant cuticleThe cuticle is a unique structure developed by land plants during the course of their evolution from an aquatic to a terrestrial lifestyle [5]. The primary role of this lipophilic layer, comprising cutin and cuticular waxes, was to limit non-stomatal water loss by functioning as a physical barrier between the plant surface and its external environment [6]. Development of a...

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Section: Regulation Of Cuticular Wax Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Cuticular Wax, a Trait for Multiple Stress Resistance in Crop Plants

Dhanyalakshmi¹,

Soolanayakanahally²,

Rahman³

et al. 2019

Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Plants

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“…Chemical characteristics of the cuticular wax, surface wax load, and wax crystal morphology are the primary determinants of the permeability of the plant cuticle (Schreiber et al, 1996; Mamrutha et al, 2010, 2017). Considerable progress has been made in understanding the genetic determinants of the biosynthesis of cutin and cuticular waxes in model plants (Kunst et al, 2006; Kunst and Samuels, 2009; Yeats and Rose, 2013; Lee and Suh, 2015a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Arabidopsis SHN1 in Indian Mulberry (Morus indica L.) Increases Leaf Surface Wax Content and Reduces Post-harvest Water Loss

et al. 2017

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Mulberry (Morus species) leaf is the sole food for monophagous silkworms, Bombyx mori L. Abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and high temperature, significantly decrease mulberry productivity and post-harvest water loss from leaves influence silkworm growth and cocoon yield. Leaf surface properties regulate direct water loss through the cuticular layer. Leaf surface waxes, contribute for cuticular resistance and protect mesophyll cells from desiccation. In this study we attempted to overexpress AtSHN1, a transcription factor associated with epicuticular wax biosynthesis to increase leaf surface wax load in mulberry. Agrobacterium mediated in vitro transformation was carried out using hypocotyl and cotyledonary explants of Indian mulberry (cv. M5). Mulberry transgenic plants expressing AtSHN1 displayed dark green shiny appearance with increased leaf surface wax content. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gas chromatograph–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed change in pattern of surface wax deposition and significant change in wax composition in AtSHN1 overexpressors. Increased wax content altered leaf surface properties as there was significant difference in water droplet contact angle and diameter between transgenic and wild type plants. The transgenic plants showed significant improvement in leaf moisture retention capacity even 5 h after harvest and there was slow degradation of total buffer soluble protein in detached leaves compared to wild type. Silkworm bioassay did not indicate any undesirable effects on larval growth and cocoon yield. This study demonstrated that expression of AtSHN1, can increase surface wax load and reduce the post-harvest water loss in mulberry.

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“…During their perennial growth habit, trees have integrated multiple unique traits. In mulberry, unique traits such as rapid growth and biomass production, 31,32 leaf quality traits,- 13,33,34 plant insect/microbe interacting traits, [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] abiotic stress tolerance traits 42,43 and the traits associated with nutritional and medicinal values [44][45][46][47][48][49][50] have been studied. Mulberrysilkworm food chain also exhibits phytoremediation potential.…”

Section: Concept Of Model Systems and The Rise Of Perennial Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mulberry (Morus spp.) has the features to treat as a potential perennial model system

Dhanyalakshmi

Nataraja

2018

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Mulberry (Morus spp.), a commercially exploited tree species as the host of monophagous pest silk worm (Bombyx mori), belongs to the family Moraceae. The domesticated tree has diverse beneficial characters such as traits associated with rapid growth and biomass production, plant insect/microbe interaction, abiotic stress tolerance and the traits associated with nutritional and medicinal values; some of which have been exploited. Draft genome of Morus notabilis has been sequenced and a large volume of transcriptome and genomic resources have been generated. In this review an attempt has been made to examine the options for considering mulberry as another tree model system to study unique traits associated with perennial systems. The diverse traits and features in mulberry suggest that the system can be a "comprehensive trait integrated tree system" quite different from other model tree systems.

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Leaf Surface Wax Composition of Genetically Diverse Mulberry (<i>Morus</i> sp.) Genotypes and its Close Association with Expression of Genes Involved in Wax Metabolism

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Leaf Cuticular Wax, a Trait for Multiple Stress Resistance in Crop Plants

Leaf Cuticular Wax, a Trait for Multiple Stress Resistance in Crop Plants

Expression of Arabidopsis SHN1 in Indian Mulberry (Morus indica L.) Increases Leaf Surface Wax Content and Reduces Post-harvest Water Loss

Mulberry (Morus spp.) has the features to treat as a potential perennial model system

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