Leaf Respiration in Terrestrial Biosphere Models

Atkin, Owen K.; Bahar, Nur H. A.; Bloomfield, Keith J.; Griffin, Kevin L.; Heskel, Mary A.; Huntingford, Chris; Torre, Alberto Martínez-de la; Turnbull, Matthew H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68703-2_6

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…In light of these observations, one can consider the empirical relationship between respiration and N that is often used to estimate respiration rates. N concentrations in plant tissues often display a positive linear correlation with dark respiration rate, at least when assessed on a tissue mass basis (for a detailed review, see Atkin et al ., ). The mechanism behind this relationship is probably multifaceted as a result of the scaling of N with enzymatic activities (i.e.…”

Section: Principle 3 – Supply and Demand Interact Over Time To Set Plmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The mechanism behind this relationship is probably multifaceted as a result of the scaling of N with enzymatic activities (i.e. metabolism) in all organs that influence both supply and demand (Reich et al ., ; Atkin et al ., ). In leaves, a large proportion of leaf N is associated with the photosynthetic machinery and therefore C supply; for instance, the maximum carboxylation capacity of Rubisco (i.e.…”

Section: Principle 3 – Supply and Demand Interact Over Time To Set Plmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Most plant, ecosystem and terrestrial biosphere models represent plant respiration using the growth and maintenance paradigm (McCree, ; Thornley, ; Amthor, ), relating respiration rate (CO 2 efflux rate) to temperature and some combination of mass, N, photosynthetic capacity, photosynthetic C gain and growth rate (Gifford, ; Atkin et al ., ). The models are used to estimate and predict respiration rate of an individual or a group of individuals at a site under past, current and future environmental conditions.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, respiratory gas consumption and production by plants also play a crucial role in regulating the chemistry of the atmosphere, and associated rates of global warming (Huntingford et al ., ). Understanding the variation in plant respiratory rate stemming from genetic, developmental and environmental factors provides an opportunity for more predictive modelling of C flows both within plants and between terrestrial land surfaces and the atmosphere (Atkin et al ., ; Tcherkez et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Core principles which explain variation in respiration across biological scales

et al. 2018

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Contents Summary670I.Introduction671II.Principle 1 – Plant respiration performs three distinct functions673III.Principle 2 – Metabolic pathway flexibility underlies plant respiratory performance676IV.Principle 3 – Supply and demand interact over time to set plant respiration rate677V.Principle 4 – Plant respiratory acclimation involves adjustments in enzyme capacities679VI.Principle 5 – Respiration is a complex trait that helps to define, and is impacted by, plant lifestyle strategies680VII.Future directions680Acknowledgements682References682 Summary Respiration is a core biological process that has important implications for the biochemistry, physiology, and ecology of plants. The study of plant respiration is thus conducted from several different perspectives by a range of scientific disciplines with dissimilar objectives, such as metabolic engineering, crop breeding, and climate‐change modelling. One aspect in common among the different objectives is a need to understand and quantify the variation in respiration across scales of biological organization. The central tenet of this review is that different perspectives on respiration can complement each other when connected. To better accommodate interdisciplinary thinking, we identify distinct mechanisms which encompass the variation in respiratory rates and functions across biological scales. The relevance of these mechanisms towards variation in plant respiration are explained in the context of five core principles: (1) respiration performs three distinct functions; (2) metabolic pathway flexibility underlies respiratory performance; (3) supply and demand interact over time to set respiration rates; (4) acclimation involves adjustments in enzyme capacities; and (5) respiration is a complex trait that helps to define, and is impacted by, plant lifestyle strategies. We argue that each perspective on respiration rests on these principles to varying degrees and that broader appreciation of how respiratory variation occurs can unite research across scales.

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Section: Principle 3 – Supply and Demand Interact Over Time To Set Plmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Principle 3 – Supply and Demand Interact Over Time To Set Plmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Core principles which explain variation in respiration across biological scales

et al. 2018

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“…This is clearly illustrated by how woody tissue respiration is estimated by leading terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs). Most TBMs partition whole‐plant (and hence woody tissue) respiration into two components according to the growth and maintenance respiration paradigm (GMRP) postulated in the early 1970s (reviewed by Atkin et al ., ). Maintenance respiration ( R M ) is commonly extrapolated from estimates of leaf dark respiration to stem and roots according to N allocation patterns across tree organs and assuming the same N– R M relationship for leaves, stem and roots, despite evidence challenging this approach (Reich et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

TReSpire – a biophysical TRee Stem respiration model

et al. 2019

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Summary Mechanistic models of plant respiration remain poorly developed, especially in stems and woody tissues where measurements of CO2 efflux do not necessarily reflect local respiratory activity. We built a process‐based model of stem respiration that couples water and carbon fluxes at the organ level (TReSpire). To this end, sap flow, stem diameter variations, xylem and soil water potential, stem temperature, stem CO2 efflux and nonstructural carbohydrates were measured in a maple tree, while xylem CO2 concentration and additional stem and xylem diameter variations were monitored in an ancillary tree for model validation. TReSpire realistically described: (1) turgor pressure to differentiate growing from nongrowing metabolism; (2) maintenance expenditures in xylem and outer tissues based on Arrhenius kinetics and nitrogen content; and (3) radial CO2 diffusivity and CO2 solubility and transport in the sap solution. Collinearity issues with phloem unloading rates and sugar–starch interconversion rates suggest parallel submodelling to close the stem carbon balance. TReSpire brings a breakthrough in the modelling of stem water and carbon fluxes at a detailed (hourly) temporal resolution. TReSpire is calibrated from a sink‐driven perspective, and has potential to advance our understanding on stem growth dynamics, CO2 fluxes and underlying respiratory physiology across different species and phenological stages.

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Axial diffusion of respired CO2 confounds stem respiration estimates during the dormant season

Roo

Bloemen

Dupon

et al. 2019

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Efflux-based estimates of stem respiration in oak trees during the dormant season were biased by axial diffusion of locally respired CO 2. Light-induced axial CO 2 diffusion along the stem due to woody tissue photosynthesis may lead to equivocal estimates of stem respiratory coefficients during the dormant season, which are generally used to estimate maintenance respiration throughout the year. & Context Stem CO 2 efflux (E A) does not reflect respiratory rates of underlying tissues. Recent research has focused on the significance of CO 2 transport via the transpiration stream. However, no studies have yet addressed the potential role of lightinduced axial CO 2 diffusion on E A during the dormant season when there is no transpiration. & Aims This study investigated to which extent woody tissue photosynthesis and axial diffusion of respired CO 2 affect E A during the dormant season. & Methods E A was measured in a stem cuvette on dormant oak trees in a growth chamber at constant temperature. Different rates of axial CO 2 diffusion were induced by woody tissue photosynthesis by means of illuminating stem sections at varying distances from the stem cuvette, while light was excluded from the remainder of the tree. & Results Axial diffusion of respired CO 2 led to reductions in E A of up to 22% when the stem section closest to the cuvette was exposed to light. & Conclusion Dormant-season efflux-based estimates of stem respiration might be biased by axial diffusion of respired CO 2 , particularly in open forest stands with sufficient light penetration. Consequently, this may lead to ambiguous estimates of dormant season E A coefficients (Q 10 and E A_0) generally used to estimate maintenance respiration throughout the year.

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Leaf Respiration in Terrestrial Biosphere Models

Cited by 27 publications

References 195 publications

Core principles which explain variation in respiration across biological scales

Core principles which explain variation in respiration across biological scales

TReSpire – a biophysical TRee Stem respiration model

Axial diffusion of respired CO2 confounds stem respiration estimates during the dormant season

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