Leaf Protein Electrophoresis and Taxonomy of Species of Jatropha L. (Euphorbiaceae)

Abstract

The systematic relationship existing among members of the all important genus Jatropha was studied using leaf protein electrophoresis. The aim was to identify possible taxonomic importance of the protein profile in the estimation and elucidation of the taxonomic affinity of the six species of Jatropha ( Jatropha curcas Linn., J. podagrica Hook., J. gossypifolia Linn., J. mutifida Linn., J. tanjorensis Ellis & Saroja and J. integerrima Linn.) found in Nigeria. The species were screened for total protein banding patterns using gel electrophoresis. Young leaves (0.8 g) of the plants were washed with distilled water and macerated with sterile mortar and pestle in 0.8% Phosphate Buffer-Saline (PBS) containing 0.4 M NaCl at pH 8.0. Results reveal that protein banding pattern was taxon specific. Generic band occurs at 8.3. The highest number of interspecific bands (4) exists between J. podagrica and J. multifida. Variations exist not only in the number of bands but also in the intensity of the bands. Sokal and Sneath coefficient of similarity ranges between 11.1-44.4 %. Single linkage Cluster Analysis (SLCA) of the relative mobility values of the protein in the taxa shows partial agreement with current sub generic and sectional delimitation of the species based on morphology and anatomy of the species.

Taxonomic value of the leaf micro-morphology and quantitative phytochemistry of Jatropha integerrima Jacq. and Jatropha podagrica Hook. (Euphorbiaceae) – known horticultural plants in Nigeria

“…Earlier studies on the genus were examined on the basis of morphological (Dehgan andWebster 1979, Dehgan 1980), wood anatomy (Oladipo & Illoh 2012a), numerical approach to the taxonomy using quantitative phytochemical parameters , leaf and seed electrophorensis (Oladipo & Illoh 2012b, Oladipo et al 2008, leaf epidermal features (AbdulRahaman & Oladele 2010), quantitative phytochemical constituents , palynological and carpological studies (AbdulRahamnan et al 2014) and recently morphometric study (Kolawole et al 2016). Metcalfe & Chalk (1972) had pointed out that the historical development of botany has been such that physiological and anatomical investigations of plants have been unnecessarily separated from the studies of their systematic arrangement.…”

Inter-Specific Variation in SDS-PAGE Electrophograms of Total Leaf Proteins in Some Species of Subtribe Cassiinae

“…The significance of electrophoretic evidence in plant systematics has been discussed in detail by many researchers especially on Jatropha (Oladipo and Illoh, 2012), Ludwigia (Folorunso and Adelalu, 2015), Corchorus (Ajala and Morakinyo, 2015) and varieties of Abelmoschus esculentus (Abdulrahaman et al, 2015).…”

“…Protein electrophoresis has been utilized successfully to study hereditary of various plants and in its germplasm for its usage in crop breeding programmes (Javid et al, 2004). Oladipo and Illoh (2012) employed the technique in the infrageneric delimitations of the genus Jatropha and concluded that the differences observed in the protein profiles of the taxa studied are indicative of hereditary diversity and very useful in the taxonomic delimitations of the members of the genus.…”

“…Therefore, the number and intensity of bands are additional characters that can be used for species delimitation in subtribe Cassiinae. The protein profiling of germplasm and utilization of hereditary markers have been broadly and successfully used to determine the taxonomic and evolutionary aspects of several plants (Nisar et al, 2007;Hameed et al, 2009, Oladipo andIlloh, 2012). Among all biochemical techniques, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is widely utilized due to its legitimacy and simplicity for describing the genetic structure of plants germplasm (Javid et al, 2004).…”

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“…Values of p˂ 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. A great deal of attention and efforts have been paid to the development of biochemical methods for cultivar characterization, variety discrimination and identification (Gardiner et al, 1986;Cai and Bulletin 1992;El-Kariem 2002, 2003;Oladipo et al, 2008). The most widely applied and versatile technique used for laboratory cultivar characterization has been the analysis of seed and leaf proteins and enzymes by various forms of electrophoresis.…”