Leaf Gas Exchange of Tomato Depends on Abscisic Acid and Jasmonic Acid in Response to Neighboring Plants under Different Soil Nitrogen Regimes

Abstract

High planting density and nitrogen shortage are two important limiting factors for crop yield. Phytohormones, abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA), play important roles in plant growth. A pot experiment was conducted to reveal the role of ABA and JA in regulating leaf gas exchange and growth in response to the neighborhood of plants under different nitrogen regimes. The experiment included two factors: two planting densities per pot (a single plant or four competing plants) and two N application levels per pot (1 and 15 mmol·L−1). Compared to when a single plant was grown per pot, neighboring competition decreased stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (Tr) and net photosynthesis (Pn). Shoot ABA and JA and the shoot-to-root ratio increased in response to neighbors. Both gs and Pn were negatively related to shoot ABA and JA. In addition, N shortage stimulated the accumulation of ABA in roots, especially for competing plants, whereas root JA in competing plants did not increase in N15. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R2) of gs to ABA and gs to JA was higher in N1 than in N15. As compared to the absolute value of slope of gs to shoot ABA in N15, it increased in N1. Furthermore, the stomatal limitation and non-stomatal limitation of competing plants in N1 were much higher than in other treatments. It was concluded that the accumulations of ABA and JA in shoots play a coordinating role in regulating gs and Pn in response to neighbors; N shortage could intensify the impact of competition on limiting carbon fixation and plant growth directly.

Role of Hydraulic Signal and ABA in Decrease of Leaf Stomatal and Mesophyll Conductance in Soil Drought-Stressed Tomato

“…The concentration of ABA was determined as previously described by Li et al ( 2020 ). Briefly, sap ABA concentration was measured with a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA), quantitated as the methods of isotope internal standard.…”

Genome-wide analysis of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) lateral roots in response to nitrogen application

“…Different nitrogen concentrations are also involved in the metabolism and synthesis of jasmonic acid. In previous studies, JAR1 (jasmonate resistant 1)activated JA and ethylene signaling pathways could inhibit roots growth in Boron deficiency, and low nitrogen could inhibit the content of jasmonic acid (Li et al, 2020;Huang et al, 2021). In this study, three DE-lncRNAs (LJ.13289, LJ.13289, LJ.33982) corresponding to jasmonate resistant 4 were up-regulated in LN treatment.…”

Role of Promising Secondary Metabolites to Confer Resistance Against Environmental Stresses in Crop Plants: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

“…Plants can survive in harsh environments ( Guimaraes and Jueneman, 2008 ; Negin and Moshelion, 2016 ) and water shortages ( Atkinson and Urwin, 2012 ) because of ABA. Under nitrogen shortage ( Radin and Mauney, 1986 ; Délano-Frier et al, 2011 ; Li S. et al, 2020 ) and drought stress ( Soma et al, 2021 ), ABA is also crucial for root development and architectural alterations. Dehydrins, osmoprotectants, and protective proteins are all biosynthesized with ABA ( Fernando and Schroeder, 2016 ; Hossain et al, 2022 ).…”