Leaf Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll<i>a</i>Fluorescence in Maize Leaves Infected with<i>Stenocarpella macrospora</i>

Bermúdez-Cardona, María Bianney; Filho, João Américo Wordell; Rodrigues, Fabrício Ávila

doi:10.1094/phyto-04-14-0096-r

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…It is known that photoinactivation can lead to oxidative damage and loss of PSII reaction centers [55], both of which are associated with an increase in F0 [54]. A reduction in Fv/Fm and increase in F0 are consistent with the reports of rice-Monographella albescens, corn-Stenocarpella macrospora, wheat-Pyricularia oryzae and eucalyptus-Puccinia psidii interactions [56][57][58][59]. The negative effect of H. vastatrix on the photosynthesis of coffee leaves were clearly demonstrated by the Chl a fluorescence parameters studied.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Photosynthetic and antioxidative alterations in coffee leaves caused by epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin sprays and Hemileia vastatrix infection

Júnior

Zambolim

Aucique‐Pérez

et al. 2015

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

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Coffee leaf rust (CLR), caused by Hemileia vastatrix, is a major disease affecting coffee production worldwide. In this study, an in-depth analysis of the photosynthetic performance of coffee leaves challenged or not with H. vastatrix and sprayed with either epoxiconazole (EPO) or pyraclostrobin (PYR) was performed by combining chlorophyll a fluorescence images, photosynthetic pigment pools and the activities of chitinase (CHI), β-1,3-glucanase (GLU), peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT). The CLR severity was higher in the control plants, but reduced in plants sprayed with both PYR and EPO. Also, the CLR severity was reduced in plants sprayed with PYR compared with plants sprayed with EPO. Plants sprayed with either EPO or PYR showed maximal photosystem II quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) values ranging from 0.78 to 0.80, which were quite similar to those obtained with inoculated plants (values ranging from 0.74 to 0.77). The decreases in the Fv/Fm ratio values and parallel increases in the F0 values in the inoculated plants, which were not observed in the control plants (sprayed with water) and were confirmed by images of the initial fluorescence (F0) and Fv/Fm parameters in the regions of the leaf tissue containing pustules and in the asymptomatic leaf tissue, indicated that photosynthesis was negatively impacted. When effective photosystem II quantum yield (Y(II)) values approached zero with a high photosynthetic photon flux density, high values of quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (Y(NPQ)) in association with a high carotenoid concentration were noted in the inoculated plants sprayed either with PYR or EPO. The increased CLR severity in inoculated plants in contrast to inoculated plants sprayed with either PYR or EPO was associated with greater POX activity and a reduced photosynthetic pigment concentration. POX and CAT activities were increased in inoculated plants sprayed with either EPO or PYR when compared with control plants. CHI and GLU activities were maintained at high levels in the leaves of inoculated plants, regardless of the fungicide sprayed, indicating that CHI and GLU are less important for coffee resistance against CLR. The results of the present study clearly demonstrated that plants sprayed with either EPO or PYR showed milder CLR symptoms with adequate photosynthetic performance and optimal conditioning of their antioxidant systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Photosynthetic and antioxidative alterations in coffee leaves caused by epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin sprays and Hemileia vastatrix infection

Júnior

Zambolim

Aucique‐Pérez

et al. 2015

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

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“…The imaging of the Chl a fluorescence parameters showed that the non‐sprayed leaves with PA were more affected by P. oryzae infection than their sprayed counterparts. The F v / F m , Y(II), Y(NPQ) and Y(NO) can increase or decrease as reported for the pathosystems Arabidopsis thaliana‐Pseudomonas syringae (Bonfig et al ), coffee‐ Hemileia vastatrix (Honorato et al ), maize‐ Stenocarpella macrospora (Bermúdez‐Cardona et al , ) and rice‐ Monographella albescens (Tatagiba et al ). Decreases in F v / F m on plants infected by pathogens indicate damage to the reactions at the PSII level (Baker ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Picolinic acid spray stimulates the antioxidative metabolism and minimizes impairments on photosynthesis on wheat leaves infected by Pyricularia oryzae

Aucique‐Pérez

Resende

Neto

et al. 2019

Physiologia Plantarum

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Fungal pathogens produce toxins that are important for their pathogenesis and/or aggressiveness towards their hosts. Picolinic acid (PA), a non-host selective toxin, causes lesions on rice leaves resembling those originated from Pyricularia oryzae infection. Considering that non-host selective toxins can be useful for plant diseases control, this study investigated whether the foliar spray with PA on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants, in a non-phytotoxic concentration, could increase their resistance to blast, stimulate the anti-oxidative metabolism, and minimize alterations in photosynthesis. The PA spray at concentrations greater than 0.1 mg ml −1 caused foliar lesions, compromised the photosynthesis and was linked with greater accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and superoxide anion radical (O 2 •− ). Fungal mycelial growth, conidia production and germination decreased by PA at 0.3 mg ml −1 . Blast severity was significantly reduced by 59 and 23%, respectively, at 72 and 96 h after inoculation for plants sprayed with PA (0.1 mg ml −1 ) at 24 h before fungal inoculation compared to non-sprayed plants. Reduction on blast symptoms was linked with increases on ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activities, lower H 2 O 2 and O 2•− accumulation, reduced malondialdehyde production as well as less impairments to the photosynthetic apparatus. A more efficient antioxidative metabolism that rapidly scavenges the reactive oxygen species generated during P. oryzae infection, without dramatically decreasing the photosynthetic performance, was a remarkable effect obtained with PA spray.Abbreviations -A, net CO 2 assimilation rate; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; BS, blast severity; CAT, catalase; C i , internal CO 2 concentration; E, transpiration rate; F m , maximum fluorescence image; F v /F m , variable-to-maximum chlorophyll fluorescence ratio; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; g s , stomatal conductance to water vapor; GST, glutathione-S-transferase; hai, hours after inoculation; H 2 O 2 , hydrogen peroxide; MDA, malondialdehyde; O 2 •− , superoxide anion radical; PA, picolinic acid; POX, peroxidase; q P , coefficient for photochemical quenching; SOD, superoxide dismutase; Y(II), effective photosystem II quantum yield; Y(NO), quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation; Y(NPQ), quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation.

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“…Stomatal closure of infected maize leaves results in a lower E and corroborates with the findings from maize Stenocarpella macrospora interaction (Bermúdez-Cardona et al 2015b). According to Bermúdez-Cardona et al (2015b), dried leaves caused by S. macrospora infection contribute to stomatal closure in order to avoid the excessive water loss resulting, therefore, in lower E values. This can also be the case of maize -E. turcicum interaction since a common feature for disease symptoms iswilting leaves especially at the advanced stages of fungal infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging: The images and fluorescence parameters of Chl a, maximum quantum yield of photosystem (PS) II (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of PS II (Fv'/Fm'), quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (NPQ), and quantum yield of nonregulated energy dissipation Y(NO) were obtained at 5, 10, 15, and 20 dai using an IMAGING-PAM fluorometer (a Maxi version) and the Imaging Win software (Heinz Walz, Effeltrich, Germany). In order to obtain images at a resolution of 640 × 480 pixels, the fourth leaf was used to obtain the images of Chl a fluorescence following the procedures previously described (Debona et al 2014, Silveira et al 2015, Bermúdez-Cardona et al 2015b, Tatagiba et al 2015, Bispo et al 2016, Rios et al 2017, Rios et al 2018.…”

Section: Leaf Gas Exchange Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and antioxidantsin maize leaves infected by Exserohilum turcicum

Silveira¹,

Milagres²,

Corrêa³

et al. 2019

Biol. plant.

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Considering the importance of northern leaf blight, caused by Exserohilum turcicum, to decrease maize yield, this study evaluated electrolyte leakage, content of H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and carotenoids (CAR), and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as expressions of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat 1), ascorbate peroxidase (apx 2), peroxidase (pox), glutathione reductase (gr 1), and glutathione-S-transferase (gst 23) genes, and leaf gas exchange and Chl a fluorescence parameters in maize leaves infected with E. turcicum. The content of H2O2 and MDA was high at 15 and 20 d after inoculation (dai) and electrolyte leakage was high from 10 dai onward in infected leaves. Net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance to water vapour, transpiration rate, internal CO2 concentration, maximum quantum yield of photosystem (PS) II, and effective quantum yield of PS II significantly decreased as the disease developed. Quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation significantly increased at 10 and 15 dai but decreased at 20 dai whereas the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation significantly increased at 15 and 20 dai. The content of Chl a, Chl b, and CAR decreased in infected leaves. The activities of the enzymes increased, and the relative expressions of the genes sod, cat 1, apx 2, pox, gr 1, and gst 23 were higher in infected leaves compared to non-infected ones mainly from 10 dai onward. In conclusion, photosynthesis in infected leaves was dramatically affected and a late involvement of the antioxidant metabolism was not sufficiently helpful to counteract the deleterious effects of fungal infection.

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Leaf Gas Exchange and ChlorophyllaFluorescence in Maize Leaves Infected withStenocarpella macrospora

Cited by 44 publications

References 52 publications

Photosynthetic and antioxidative alterations in coffee leaves caused by epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin sprays and Hemileia vastatrix infection

Photosynthetic and antioxidative alterations in coffee leaves caused by epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin sprays and Hemileia vastatrix infection

Picolinic acid spray stimulates the antioxidative metabolism and minimizes impairments on photosynthesis on wheat leaves infected by Pyricularia oryzae

Changes in leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and antioxidantsin maize leaves infected by Exserohilum turcicum

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