Leaf-fungal incidence and herbivory on tree seedlings in tropical rainforest fragments: an experimental study

Benítez‐Malvido, Julieta; García‐Guzmán, Graciela; Ferraz, Isolde Dorothea Kossmann

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(99)00090-7

Cited by 68 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Also due to dune formation, sand movement, dune erosion and marked seasonal abiotic changes (Moreno-Casasola, 1982;Moreno-Casasola and Travieso-Bello, 2006;Rico-Gray et al, 2012;Sánchez-Galván et al, 2012), thus generating an local ecological scenario where a great diversity of biological processes can be developed, such as pollination, seed dispersal, recruitment, competition, migration and herbivory (Turner et al, 1996;Benítez-Malvido, 1998;Benítez-Malvido et al, 1999;Cordeiro and Howe, 2001;Wright and Duber, 2001;Chacoff et al, 2004).…”

Section: Cristian Adrian Martínez-adriano Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Floristic survey of flowering plants in a tropical coastal ecosystem in Veracruz, Mexico

2016

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Abstract:Mexico is a megadiverse country and Veracruz is one of the states with the highest floristic diversity. The reserve of La Mancha in central coastal Veracruz comprises several vegetation types. In this site we conducted for a year, monthly surveys of flowering or fruiting plants in six vegetation types, considering the frequency of occurrence of different species. We found a total of 147 species (131 genera and 63 families). The families most represented were Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Verbenaceae. In addition, we found nine species that had not been reported in previous floristic studies. The highest taxonomic richness was observed in the tropical deciduous flood forest with wetland (59 species), while the highest diversity was found in tropical deciduous forest (SDI = 0.9562). We also found that the most similar vegetation types based on the composition and frequency of species were, coastal dune scrub, tropical deciduous forest and pioneer dune vegetation. The dominant plant biological form in La Mancha were herbs (40.41 %) followed by shrubs (23.97 %), vines-lianas (18.49 %) and trees (17.12 %). This study is the first to consider the frequency-occurrence of flowering and fruiting plants in La Mancha, covering six vegetation types through one year. The more relevant results of this study show the diversity of plants in different environments using the frequency of each species based on reproductive events. This information could be useful in future researches that evaluate plant-animal interactions, like pollination and seed dispersal. Key words: floristic, flowering plants, fruiting plants, La Mancha, Veracruz.Resumen: México es considerado un país megadiverso y Veracruz es uno de los estados con mayor diversidad florística del país. La reserva de La Mancha en la costa central de Veracruz alberga varios tipos de vegetación. En este sitio realizamos durante un año censos mensuales de la vegetación en floración o fructificación en seis tipos de vegetación, considerando la frecuencia de aparición de las diferentes especies de plantas. Encontramos en total 147 especies (131 géneros y 63 familias). Las familias mejor representadas fueron Asteraceae, Fabaceae y Verbenaceae. Además de nueve especies que no habían sido reportadas en estudios florísticos previos. La mayor riqueza taxonómica se observó en la selva baja inundable y el humedal (59 especies), mientras que, la mayor diversidad se encontró en la selva baja caducifolia (SDI = 0.9562). Además encontramos que los tipos vegetación más similares con base a la composición y frecuencia de especies son el matorral de dunas costeras, la selva baja caducifolia y la vegetación pionera de dunas. La forma biológica predominante en La Mancha fueron las hierbas (40.41 %), seguida por arbustos (23.97 %), bejucos-lianas (18.49 %) y árboles (17.12 %). Este trabajo es el primero que analiza la frecuencia-ocurrencia de plantas con flor y/o fruto en La Mancha, abarcando seis tipos de vegetación. Los resultados más destacados muestran la diversidad de plantas en diferent...

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Section: Cristian Adrian Martínez-adriano Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Floristic survey of flowering plants in a tropical coastal ecosystem in Veracruz, Mexico

2016

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“…For instance, predation of H. acuminata seeds in both fragments and continuous forest is very limited (Bruna 1999), as is seedling herbivory by both vertebrates and invertebrates (Bruna 2002). There is also no evidence that fungal pathogens are a major source of H. acuminata seedling mortality (E. M. Bruna, personal observation), and community-wide rates of seedling infection in Central Amazonia are extremely low (Benitez-Malvido et al 1999). Finally, under identical conditions, seeds from fragments are not less likely to germinate than those from continuous forest (Bruna 1999), suggesting the effects of inbreeding on recruitment are limited.…”

Section: Modeling Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most common consequences of fragmentation is reduced seedling recruitment, particularly for shade-tolerant or forest understory species (e.g., Benitez-Malvido et al 1999, Bruna 2002, Melo et al 2007). Because fruit production 5 E-mail: mu2126@columbia.edu and disperser abundance are often lower in fragments, these reductions in seedling density have often been attributed to seed limitation (Cardoso da Tabarelli 2000, Bruna 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of forest fragmentation on the seedling recruitment of a tropical herb: assessing seed vs. safe‐site limitation

Uriarte

Bruna

Rubim

et al. 2010

Ecology

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Abstract. Studies simultaneously evaluating the importance of safe-site and seed limitation for plant establishment are rare, particularly in human-modified landscapes. We used spatially explicit neighborhood models together with data from 10 0.5-ha mapped census plots in a fragmented landscape spanning 1000 km 2 to (1) evaluate the relative importance of seed production, dispersal, and safe-site limitation for the recruitment of the understory herb Heliconia acuminata; and (2) determine how these processes differ between fragments and continuous forests. Our analyses demonstrated a large degree of variation in seed production, dispersal, and establishment among and within the 10 study plots. Seed production limitation was strong but only at small spatial scales. Average dispersal distance was less than 4 m, leading to severe dispersal limitation at most sites. Overall, safe-site limitation was the most important constraint on seedling establishment. Fragmentation led to a more heterogeneous light environment with negative consequences for seedling establishment but had little effect on seed production or dispersal. These results suggest that the effects of fragmentation on abiotic processes may be more important than the disruption of biotic interactions in driving biodiversity loss in tropical forests, at least for some functional groups. These effects may be common when the matrix surrounding fragments contains enough tree cover to enable movement of dispersers and pollinators.

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“…Predation on understory and litter arthropods has probably declined because of a collapse of insectivorous bird Bierregaard 1995b, Stratford and, bat (Kalko 1998, Sampaio 2000, and army ant (Harper 1989, Bierregaard et al 1992 assemblages. It seems plausible that these declines could be partly responsible for increased insect abundance near forest edges (Lovejoy et al 1986) and might even promote increased herbivory in fragments (Benitez-Malvido et al 1999). The decline of large carnivores may reduce predation on some vertebrates, but there is no indication of mesopredator release (Crooks and Soule 1999) in the BDFFP fragments (Meyer 1999).…”

Section: Changes In Ecological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem decay of Amazonian forest fragments: implications for conservation

Laurance

Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins

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Leaf-fungal incidence and herbivory on tree seedlings in tropical rainforest fragments: an experimental study

Cited by 68 publications

References 40 publications

Floristic survey of flowering plants in a tropical coastal ecosystem in Veracruz, Mexico

Floristic survey of flowering plants in a tropical coastal ecosystem in Veracruz, Mexico

Effects of forest fragmentation on the seedling recruitment of a tropical herb: assessing seed vs. safe‐site limitation

Ecosystem decay of Amazonian forest fragments: implications for conservation

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