Leaf carbon isotope and mineral composition in subtropical plants along an irradiance cline

Ehleringer, James R.; Field, Christopher B.; Lin, Z. F.; Kuo, Chun yen

doi:10.1007/bf00379898

Cited by 333 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

192

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…10.8). In this analysis, it appears that h dominates the trend in D while irradiance moderates the absolute values, presumably caused by the increased light interception and photosynthetic capacity with increased height and subsequent reduction in p c (Ehleringer et al 1986;Carswell et al 2000;Lloyd et al 2009). While h is clearly a global driver of D, the impact of irradiance on D should vary globally as a function of ecosystem leaf area and subsequent light interception profiles (Campbell and Norman 1998;Parker et al 2002;Koch et al 2004).…”

Section: Irradiance and Heightmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…This tool works because carbon isotope discrimination (D) against 13 C relative to 12 C during photosynthesis is driven by the net effect of CO 2 supply and demand on the CO 2 mole fraction at the sites of photosynthesis within the mesophyll . Interpretation of the patterns of D with tree size is not always clear, however, because multiple factors that regulate gas exchange and D co-vary with height, such as solar irradiance Ehleringer et al 1986) and hydraulic conductance (Waring and Silvester 1994). In the last two decades a relatively large volume of data regarding the relationship between D and tree height has been published; however, no synthetic review has yet been undertaken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10.1 and 10.2), and some environmental variables was originally conceptualized in a seminal paper by Francey and Farquhar (1982). One important size-related environmental change is increased shading within tree crowns (Francey et al 1985;Ehleringer et al 1986;Hanba et al 1997;Carswell et al 2000;Parker et al 2002;Poorter et al 2005;Lloyd et al 2009) which raises p c because A declines via reduced light interception. This change in the light environment occurs within the height profile of individual trees within closed-canopy forests, but does not occur at the tops of canopy-dominant trees or in open-grown trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relationships Between Tree Height and Carbon Isotope Discrimination

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding how tree size impacts leaf-and crown-level gas exchange is essential to predicting forest yields and carbon and water budgets. The stable carbon isotope ratio (d 13 C) of organic matter has been used to examine the relationship of gas exchange to tree size for a host of species because it carries a temporally integrated signature of foliar photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. The carbon isotope composition of leaves reflects discrimination against 13 C relative to 12 C during photosynthesis and is the net result of the balance of change in CO 2 supply and demand at the sites of photosynthesis within the leaf mesophyll. Interpreting the patterns of changes in d 13 C with tree size are not always clear, however, because multiple factors that regulate gas exchange and carbon isotope discrimination (D) co-vary with height, such as solar irradiance and hydraulic conductance. Here we review 36 carbon isotope datasets from 38 tree species and conclude that there is a consistent, linear decline of D with height. The most parsimonious explanation of this result is that gravitational constraints on maximum leaf water potential set an ultimate boundary on the shape and sign of the relationship. These hydraulic constraints are manifest both over the long term through impacts on leaf structure, and over diel periods via impacts on stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and leaf hydraulic conductance. Shading induces a positive offset to the linear decline, consistent with light limitations reducing carbon fixation and increasing partial pressures of CO 2 inside of the leaf, p c at a given height. Biome differences between tropical and temperate forests were more important in predicting D and its relationship to height than wood type associated with being an angiosperm or gymnosperm. It is not yet clear how leaf internal conductance varies with leaf mass area, but some data in particularly tall, temperate conifers suggest that photosynthetic capacity may not vary dramatically with height when compared between tree-tops, while stomatal and leaf internal conductances do decline in unison with height within canopy gradients. It is also clear that light is a critical variable low in the canopy, whereas hydrostatic constraints dominate the relationship between D and height in the upper canopy. The trend of increasing maximum height with decreasing minimum D suggests that trees that become particularly tall may be adapted to tolerate particularly low values of p c .

show abstract

Section: Irradiance and Heightmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationships Between Tree Height and Carbon Isotope Discrimination

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Though plants with the same photosynthetic pathway will have different isotopic composition due to species differences (Cerling and Harris, 1999), the δ 13 C value of CO 2 (Keeling et al, 2005), changes in irradiance (Ehleringer et al, 1986;Zimmerman and Ehleringer, 1990), water stress (Ehleringer, 1993), and even the structure of the surrounding vegetation (Medina et al, 1986), they provide reasonable estimates which, when applied to our estimates of C 3 /C 4 percentages from modern vegetation data, allow us to create a general estimate of the seasonal cycle in plant δ 13 C on the Edwards Plateau.…”

Section: Establishing the Seasonal Cycle In Leporid Tooth δ 13 C Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of δ13C values of leporid teeth as indicators of past vegetation

Wicks

Thirumalai

Shanahan

et al. 2015

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Finally, the alder leaf has a negative d 13 C value of À33.3%. However, the carbon isotopic composition of leaves can vary significantly due to a large number of environmental influences such as light and water availability [Ehleringer et al, 1986[Ehleringer et al, , 1987.…”

Section: Bulk Geochemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary environmental and climatic changes in central Europe as inferred from the composition of organic matter in annually laminated maar lake sediments

Fuhrmann

Fischer

Lücke

et al. 2004

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Geochemical (elemental analysis, bulk d 13 C TOC , thermal degradation techniques, molecular analysis of n-alkanes) and microscopic investigations (maceral analysis, vitrinite reflectance) were performed (1) to characterize the organic matter (OM) in sediments from two maar lakes in the Westeifel volcanic field, Germany, and (2) to discuss paleoenvironmental processes which have controlled the accumulation and preservation of OM. The annually laminated sediments show a wide range of organic carbon contents between 0.3 and 21.4% TOC and Hydrogen Index values between 80 and 501 mg HC/g TOC. Welldeveloped laminations mirror suboxic to anoxic bottom waters. Diagnostic compounds in the pyrolysates and microscopic analysis permit discrimination between the principal OM sources, and their variations over time provide important evidence for the reconstruction of the environmental histories of the lakes and their watershed. The significance of terrigenous OM is reflected by the occurrence of methoxyphenols in the insoluble as well as mid-and long-chain n-alkanes in the soluble OM which are indicative of land plant or macrophyte input to the lakes. The relative abundance of certain homologues together with the amount of terrigenous macerals can be used to show differences in higher plant input and vegetation changes through time. During the Pleniglacial and Younger Dryas period, high-reflecting reworked OM was introduced by soil erosion in an environment with relatively open vegetation. The alkylphenols in the pyrolysates originate partly from the microbial reworking of proteinaceous tyrosine moieties and/or reflect a direct contribution from cyanobacteria. We assume that variations in the carbon isotopic composition of OM are mainly due to changes in the lake's primary productivity with the exception of the Pleniglacial. Various forms of land use are reflected by increasing amounts of terrigenous particles as well as chemical plant markers from 500 varve years B.P. until present. The organic geochemical and microscopic data G 3

show abstract

Leaf carbon isotope and mineral composition in subtropical plants along an irradiance cline

Cited by 333 publications

References 18 publications

Relationships Between Tree Height and Carbon Isotope Discrimination

Relationships Between Tree Height and Carbon Isotope Discrimination

The use of δ13C values of leporid teeth as indicators of past vegetation

Late Quaternary environmental and climatic changes in central Europe as inferred from the composition of organic matter in annually laminated maar lake sediments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About