Leading edge erosion of coated wind turbine blades: Review of coating life models

Slot, Henk; Gelinck, E.R.M.; Rentrop, Corné; Heide, Emile van der

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2015.02.036

Cited by 164 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Thus, a modeling scheme similar to a traditional fatigue S‐N curve‐based concept is suggested. Based on the literature review of wind turbine leading edge degradation, we decided to develop an erosion damage model based upon Springer 1976 . In this paper, we describe the steps taken to develop an erosion model and how we have applied existing research to determine the degradation of AEP over time.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several attempts have been made to model the real‐life leading edge erosion or degradation phenomena . The basic mechanism is similar across industrial applications, but the conditions and material systems might be significantly different.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can cause different failure modes, which requires different physical models to predict the behavior. Most recent attempts to model erosion on wind turbine leading edges take basis in a droplet impact model to establish a stress state . Based on this, a fatigue approach can be used to account for the damage accumulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This enables the model to predict leading edge erosion progression at any site over the lifetime of the turbine because the damage accumulation under rain erosion testing is connected with the field observations of leading edge erosion. Ensuring similar failure mode behavior and interpretation during rain erosion testing and real‐life conditions makes this attempt different from previous ones . This is only feasible due to the authors' access to real‐life erosion observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wind turbine blade coating leading edge rain erosion model: Development and validation

Eisenberg¹,

Laustsen²,

Stege³

2018

Wind Energy

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This paper applies existing research to develop an analytical surface fatigue model to predict the initiation of leading edge erosion on wind turbine blade coatings due to rainfall. We have used rain erosion whirling arm tests to determine the surface impact fatigue resistance of different coatings used in the field. The analytic model has been validated to predict the initiation of wind turbine leading edge erosion by using a large data base of photos of leading edge erosion observations taken from wind farms in multiple countries, offshore, and onshore. The aerodynamic impact of the erosion has also been modeled and been used to determine the expected sectional efficiency loss of the damaged airfoils. Combining the leading edge erosion forecast model with the efficiency reduction model, we can predict annual energy production loss over time on different sites due to rain‐induced wind turbine blade coating leading edge erosion.

show abstract

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wind turbine blade coating leading edge rain erosion model: Development and validation

Eisenberg¹,

Laustsen²,

Stege³

2018

Wind Energy

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show abstract

“…Leading edge erosion (LEE) is a severe challenge for the wind energy sector today (Keegan et al, 2013, Slot et al 2015. Wind 15 turbine operators report significant costs for inspection, maintenance, repair, and loss of production due to down time and reduced performance (Stephenson, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending the life of wind turbine blade leading edges by reducing the tip speed during extreme precipitation events

Bech¹,

Hasager²,

Bak³

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Impact fatigue caused by collision with rain droplets, hail stones and other airborne particles, also known as rain erosion, is a severe problem for wind turbine blades. Each impact on the leading edge adds an increment to the accumulated damage in the material. After a number of impacts the leading edge material will crack. This paper presents and supports the hypothesis that the vast majority of the damage accumulated in the leading edge is imposed at extreme precipitation condition events, which occur during a very small fraction of the turbines operation life. By reducing the tip speed of the blades during 10 these events, the service life of the leading edges significantly increases from a few years to the full expected lifetime of the wind turbine. In the worst case at the cost of a negligible reduction of annual energy production (AEP) and in the best case with a significant increase in AEP.

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Simultaneously improved solid particle erosion resistant and strength of graphene nanoplates/carbon nanotube enhanced thermoplastic polyurethane films

Fang

Huang

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Up to now, it is a major challenge to protect leading edge of the blades from solid particle erosion. Herein, we propose a structure optimization strategy to fabricate non‐woven (NW) enhanced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposite films (thermoplastic polyurethane [TPU]‐NW@G/Cx) with “sandwich‐like” structure by hot pressing technology. TPU NW/graphene nanoplates/carbon nanotube (NW@G/Cx) interlayer film were first fabricated by spraying method. Then the interlayer film was laminated between TPU films to fabricate nanocomposite films. Such prepared TPU‐NW@G/Cx film shows excellent solid particle erosion resistance and high‐tensile strength. For example, the “steel‐and‐mortar” structure of NW fabric in TPU film results in high‐tensile strength of 45 MPa and storage modulus of 21.2 MPa for TPU‐NW@G/C1.0, increasing by 25% and 171% compared with original TPU film (35 MPa, 8 MPa), respectively. In addition, compared with pure TPU film, the “sandwich‐like” structure endows TPU‐NW@G/C1.2 with excellent solid particle erosion resistance and the thermal conductivity (0.251 W/m·K). These superior properties extends application of the TPU‐NW@G/Cx film on wind turbine blades.

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Leading edge erosion of coated wind turbine blades: Review of coating life models

Cited by 164 publications

References 40 publications

Wind turbine blade coating leading edge rain erosion model: Development and validation

Wind turbine blade coating leading edge rain erosion model: Development and validation

Extending the life of wind turbine blade leading edges by reducing the tip speed during extreme precipitation events

Simultaneously improved solid particle erosion resistant and strength of graphene nanoplates/carbon nanotube enhanced thermoplastic polyurethane films

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