Leadership in the Climate Regime: Inspiring the Commitment of Developing Countries in the Post‐Kyoto Phase

Widening the scope of policies to address climate change: directions for mainstreaming

“…It would help to enhance the climate change regime by increasing policy coherence, minimising duplications and contradictory policies, dealing with trade offs and capturing the opportunities for synergistic results in terms of increased adaptive capacity and lower emissions. It may also help to make climate change policies more acceptable to both industrialised and developing countries (Davidson et al, 2003;Gupta, 1998;Gupta and Hisschemö ller, 1997). The importance that countries for example attach to health and air quality can result in addressing climate change indirectly, but only if these policy activities are well aligned.…”

Evaluating climate justice – attitudes and opinions of individual stakeholders in the United Nations Framework Climate Change Convention Conference of the Parties

“…Localized environmental distributive justice principles such as ''polluter pays'' have been found insufficient in respect of the climate (Anand 2004). Historically issues of per capital emissions and total emissions of countries have raised issues of grandfathering developed countries' emission practices and preventing development of developing countries (Gupta et al 1997(Gupta et al , 1998Baer et al 2008). However, ideas such as common but differential responsibility for further emission reductions have emerged (Weisslitz 2005) in relation to development, carbon intense activities, and reduction obligations.…”

Access and allocation in earth system governance: water and climate change compared

“…Although pre-1990 political declarations indicate that funding would be needed to compensate developing countries (Gupta 1998) and that such resources should be new and additional to official development assistance, the need to avoid liability led to these principles morphing into the euphemistic ''special responsibility'' idea (ECE Declaration 1990) and into the common but differentiated responsibility approach that is based more on capabilities than liability (Sands 1995: 650). Finally, the euphemistic 'leadership' principle was adopted in terms of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (UNFCCC 1992, Art.…”